Roles of forest bioproductivity, transpiration and fire in a nine-year record of cave dripwater chemistry from southwest Australia

Treble, Pauline C.; Fairchild, Ian J.; Baker, Andy; Meredith, Karina; Andersen, Martin S.; Salmon, S. Ursula; Bradley, Chris; Wynn, P.; Hankin, Stuart; Wood, A. Michelle; McGuire, E.

doi:10.1016/j.gca.2016.04.017

Cited by 39 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…This is consistent with other karst studies in Australia in water-limited regions where there are a greater number of identified sources and modifying processes for Mg (sea salt, dust, clay sorption, bedrock, biomass) compared to Sr, which has been found to be dominated by bedrock and dust alone (e.g. Goede et al, 1998;Rutlidge et al, 2014;Treble et al, 2016).…”

Section: Mairs Cave Speleothem Mg / Ca and Sr / Casupporting

confidence: 91%

Hydroclimate of the Last Glacial Maximum and deglaciation in southern Australia's arid margin interpreted from speleothem records (23–15 ka)

et al. 2017

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Abstract. Terrestrial data spanning the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and deglaciation from the southern Australian region are sparse and limited to discontinuous sedimentological and geomorphological records with relatively large chronological uncertainties. This dearth of records has hindered a critical assessment of the role of the Southern Hemisphere mid-latitude westerly winds on the region's climate during this time period. In this study, two precisely dated speleothem records for Mairs Cave, Flinders Ranges, are presented, providing for the first time a detailed terrestrial hydroclimatic record for the southern Australian drylands during 23-15 ka. Recharge to Mairs Cave is interpreted from the speleothem record by the activation of growth, physical flood layering, and δ 18 O and δ 13 C minima. Periods of lowered recharge are indicated by 18 O and 13 C enrichment, primarily affecting δ 18 O, argued to be driven by evaporation of shallow soil/epikarst water in this water-limited environment. A hydrological driver is supported by calcite fabric changes. These include the presence of laminae, visible organic colloids, and occasional dissolution features, related to recharge, as well as the presence of sediment bands representing cave floor flooding. A shift to slower-growing, more compact calcite and an absence of lamination is interpreted to represent reduced recharge.

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Section: Mairs Cave Speleothem Mg / Ca and Sr / Casupporting

confidence: 91%

Hydroclimate of the Last Glacial Maximum and deglaciation in southern Australia's arid margin interpreted from speleothem records (23–15 ka)

et al. 2017

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“…To determine whether the geochemical evolution of the drip water was principally due to prior calcite precipitation (PCP), the hydrochemistry was assessed based on the accepted mathematical methods after Sinclair et al (2012) and Tremaine and Froelich (2013). First, to compare between the two methods, ln(Sr / Ca) (mmol mol −1 ) vs. ln(Mg / Ca) (mmol mol −1 ) ratios in dissolved host bedrock endmembers overlayed with the drip-water ratios was graphed.…”

Section: Mixing and Prior Calcite Precipitation Calculationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…3.3). Figure 5 shows a cross-plot of ln(Mg / Ca) vs. ln(Sr / Ca) drip-water ratios presented together with the bedrock ln(Mg / Ca) and ln(Sr / Ca) ratios (after Sinclair et al, 2012, andTremaine andFroelich., 2013). Since all three drip sites are influenced by the same processes, as the same Mg(Sr) / Ca trends are observed at all sites (Supplement S3), we present drip-water data at site HW2 for visual clarity as the processes are enhanced due to the slower discharge at this site.…”

Section: Drip-water Mixing and Pcp Evolutionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ENSO–cave drip water hydrochemical relationship: a 7-year dataset from south-eastern Australia

Tadros

Treble

Baker

et al. 2016

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Speleothems (cave deposits), used for palaeoenvironmental reconstructions, are deposited from cave drip water. Differentiating climate and karst processes within a drip-water signal is fundamental for the correct identification of palaeoenvironmental proxies and ultimately their interpretation within speleothem records. We investigate the potential use of trace element and stable oxygen-isotope (δ18O) variations in cave drip water as palaeorainfall proxies in an Australian alpine karst site. This paper presents the first extensive hydrochemical and δ18O dataset from Harrie Wood Cave, in the Snowy Mountains, south-eastern (SE) Australia. Using a 7-year long rainfall δ18O and drip-water Ca, Cl, Mg / Ca, Sr / Ca and δ18O datasets from three drip sites, we determined that the processes of mixing, dilution, flow path change, carbonate mineral dissolution and prior calcite precipitation (PCP) accounted for the observed variations in the drip-water geochemical composition. We identify that the three monitored drip sites are fed by fracture flow from a well-mixed epikarst storage reservoir, supplied by variable concentrations of dissolved ions from soil and bedrock dissolution. We constrained the influence of multiple processes and controls on drip-water composition in a region dominated by El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO). During the El Niño and dry periods, enhanced PCP, a flow path change and dissolution due to increased soil CO2 production occurred in response to warmer than average temperatures in contrast to the La Niña phase, where dilution dominated and reduced PCP were observed. We present a conceptual model, illustrating the key processes impacting the drip-water chemistry. We identified a robust relationship between ENSO and drip-water trace element concentrations and propose that variations in speleothem Mg / Ca and Sr / Ca ratios may be interpreted to reflect palaeorainfall conditions. These findings inform palaeorainfall reconstruction from speleothems regionally and provide a basis for palaeoclimate studies globally, in regions where there is intermittent recharge variability.

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“…Alternatively, aged SOM could cause the observed enhanced DCF values (Genty et al, 2001). Fresh labile soil organic matter, as well as older carbon stocks in deeper soil layers on the Moomi Plateau, may have contributed to soil gas CO 2 , creating 14 C-depleted CO 2 (Fohlmeister et al, 2011;Trumbore, 2009). The pres- Oxygen data were interpreted as an increase in monsoonal rainfall over Termination I.…”

Section: Climatic Controls Of Dcf At Moomi Cavementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Nonetheless, one striking feature stands out: at approximately 13 kyr BP, DCF abruptly jumps to values higher than 40 %, indicating sudden changes in soil carbon cycling. It was argued that sudden events caused by climatic variations or wildfires can have a major influence on soil carbon dynamics Trumbore, 2009). For instance, an event like a wildfire or landslide could have drastically changed the soil configuration by depleting active vegetation and thus halting CO 2 input at near-atmospheric 14 C/ 12 C ratios (Coleborn et al, 2016;Markowska et al, 2019), and it could, therefore, ac- count for the sudden increase in DCF.…”

Section: Glacial Termination Climate Dynamics On Socotra Islandmentioning

confidence: 99%

Climate-induced speleothem radiocarbon variability on Socotra Island from the Last Glacial Maximum to the Younger Dryas

et al. 2020

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In this study, the dead carbon fraction (DCF) variations in stalagmite M1-5 from Socotra Island in the western Arabian Sea were investigated through a new set of highprecision U-series and radiocarbon ( 14 C) dates. The data reveal an extreme case of very high and also climate-dependent DCF. For M1-5, an average DCF of 56.2 ± 3.4 % is observed between 27 and 18 kyr BP. Such high DCF values indicate a high influence of aged soil organic matter (SOM) and nearly completely closed-system carbonate dissolution conditions. Towards the end of the last glacial period, decreasing Mg/Ca ratios suggest an increase in precipitation which caused a marked change in the soil carbon cycling as indicated by sharply decreasing DCF. This is in contrast to the relation of soil infiltration and DCF as seen in stalagmites from temperate zones.

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Roles of forest bioproductivity, transpiration and fire in a nine-year record of cave dripwater chemistry from southwest Australia

Cited by 39 publications

References 58 publications

Hydroclimate of the Last Glacial Maximum and deglaciation in southern Australia's arid margin interpreted from speleothem records (23–15 ka)

Hydroclimate of the Last Glacial Maximum and deglaciation in southern Australia's arid margin interpreted from speleothem records (23–15 ka)

ENSO–cave drip water hydrochemical relationship: a 7-year dataset from south-eastern Australia

Climate-induced speleothem radiocarbon variability on Socotra Island from the Last Glacial Maximum to the Younger Dryas

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Roles of forest bioproductivity, transpiration and fire in a nine-year record of cave dripwater chemistry from southwest Australia

Cited by 39 publications

References 58 publications

Hydroclimate of the Last Glacial Maximum and deglaciation in southern Australia's arid margin interpreted from speleothem records (23–15 ka)

Hydroclimate of the Last Glacial Maximum and deglaciation in southern Australia's arid margin interpreted from speleothem records (23–15 ka)

ENSO–cave drip water hydrochemical relationship: a 7-year dataset from south-eastern Australia

Climate-induced speleothem radiocarbon variability on Socotra Island from the Last Glacial Maximum to the Younger Dryas

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Hydroclimate of the Last Glacial Maximum and deglaciation in southern Australia's arid margin interpreted from speleothem records (23–15 ka)

Hydroclimate of the Last Glacial Maximum and deglaciation in southern Australia's arid margin interpreted from speleothem records (23–15 ka)