Role played by lactobacilli in controlling the population of vaginal pathogens

Boris, S.; Barbés, Covadonga

doi:10.1016/s1286-4579(00)00313-0

Cited by 352 publications

(269 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…As cyclo(L-Tyr-L-Pro) and cyclo(L-Phe-L-Pro) appear to be common in both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, our findings indicate the existence of cross-talk between distinct bacterial signaling systems. Although the actual physiological function of DKPs in L. reuteri RC-14 is unclear, it is possible that these compounds may serve as signaling molecules involved in host-bacteria interactions, considering their biological effects in humans (42) and the predominance of Lactobacillus species in human vaginal microflora (47)(48)(49).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Strategies targeting bacterial virulence are increasingly being investigated, as such approaches may impose milder selective pressure for the development of drug resistance. Lactobacillus species, the predominant microorganisms in the healthy vaginal microflora, have been shown to prevent invasion and overgrowth of urogenital pathogens by a combination of competitive exclusion, competition for nutrients, production of antimicrobial and antiadhesive substances, and modulation of host immunity (47)(48)(49). Clinical evidence has been reported to support the potential efficacy of orally taken lactobacilli (including L. reuteri RC-14) as a practical means to restore and maintain a normal vaginal flora, and a daily oral dosage of over 10 8 viable lactobacilli was required for clinical effect (48).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lactobacillus reuteri -produced cyclic dipeptides quench agr -mediated expression of toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 in staphylococci

Wang²,

Xu³

et al. 2011

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

193

144

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The production of the staphylococcal exotoxin toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1) by Staphylococcus aureus has been associated with essentially all cases of menstruation-associated toxic shock syndrome (TSS). In this work, we show that the human vaginal isolate Lactobacillus reuteri RC-14 produces small signaling molecules that are able to interfere with the staphylococcal quorum-sensing system agr, a key regulator of virulence genes, and repress the expression of TSST-1 in S. aureus MN8, a prototype of menstrual TSS S. aureus strains. Quantitative real-time PCR data showed that transcription from the Ptst promoter, as well as the P2 and P3 promoters of the agr system from all four agr subgroups of S. aureus, was strongly inhibited in response to growth with L. reuteri RC-14 cultural supernatant. Alterations in the transcriptional levels of two other virulence-associated regulators sarA and saeRS were also observed, indicating a potential overall influence of L. reuteri RC-14 signals on the production of virulence factors in S. aureus. S. aureus promoter-lux reporter strains were used to screen biochemically fractionated L. reuteri RC-14 supernatant, and the cyclic dipeptides cyclo(L-Phe-L-Pro) and cyclo(L-Tyr-L-Pro) were identified as the signaling molecules. The results from this work contribute to a better understanding of interspecies cell-to-cell communication between Lactobacillus and Staphylococcus, and provide a unique mechanism by which endogenous or probiotic strains may attenuate virulence factor production by bacterial pathogens.diketopiperazine | two-component systems

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lactobacillus reuteri -produced cyclic dipeptides quench agr -mediated expression of toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 in staphylococci

Wang²,

Xu³

et al. 2011

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

193

144

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“…118,119 An in vitro model of various C. albicans-bacterial biofilms concluded that bacteria negatively impact C. albicans biofilm formation by inhibiting fungal growth and suppressing genes responsible for hyphae formation. 120 Peleg et al 121 described 5 types of bacterial-fungal interactions and many speculate these also take place within the vagina: physical interactions, 122,123 chemical exchanges, 124 use of metabolic byproducts, 109,118 changes in the environment, 124 and alteration of the host immune response. 125 Further studies are required to better understand this important relationship between vaginal bacteria, Candida spp.…”

Section: 100mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interactions between Candida and microbiota at the mucosal interface have profound effects on the vaginal ecosystem. 109,[120][121][122][123][124][125] Metabolites and small molecules made by the microbiota affect the metabolism and morphology of Candida species. Changes in microbiota relative abundance also impact the abundance of Candida and its ability to access the mucosal surface, where invasion occurs.…”

Section: Importance Of the Fungal Mycobiomementioning

confidence: 99%

The vaginal mycobiome: A contemporary perspective on fungi in women's health and diseases

2016

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Most of what is known about fungi in the human vagina has come from culture-based studies and phenotypic characterization of single organisms. Though valuable, these approaches have masked the complexity of fungal communities within the vagina. The vaginal mycobiome has become an emerging field of study as genomics tools are increasingly employed and we begin to appreciate the role these fungal communities play in human health and disease. Though vastly outnumbered by its bacterial counterparts, fungi are important constituents of the vaginal ecosystem in many healthy women. Candida albicans, an opportunistic fungal pathogen, colonizes 20% of women without causing any overt symptoms, yet it is one of the leading causes of infectious vaginitis. Understanding its mechanisms of commensalism and pathogenesis are both essential to developing more effective therapies. Describing the interactions between Candida, bacteria (such as Lactobacillus spp.) and other fungi in the vagina is fundamental to our characterization of the vaginal mycobiome.

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“…One very important group in focus is lactobacilli. A variety of Lactobacillus strains were reported as producers of inhibitory substances against other bacterial species, including pathogens [2,[11][12][13]. Released antibacterial substances in cell-free culture supernatants (CFS) can inhibit both the growth of different pathotypes of E. coli [14][15][16] and the expression of virulence factors [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulation of Escherichia coli biofilm growth by cell-free spent cultures from lactobacilli

et al. 2012

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E. coli biofilms cause serious problems in medical practice by contaminating surfaces and indwelling catheters. Due to the rapid development of antibiotic resistance, alternative approaches to biofilm suppression are needed. This study addresses whether products released by antagonistic bacteria — Lactobacillus isolates from vaginal and dairy-product samples could be useful for controlling E. coli biofilms. The effects of diluted cell-free supernatants (CFS) from late-exponential Lactobacillus cultures on the growth and biofilm production of Escherichia coli were tested. Most of the CFS applied as 10−2 had no impact on bacterial growth, biofilm development however was influenced even by 10−4 of CFS. Initial screening by crystal violet assay showed that biofilm modulation varied between different CFS and E. coli combinations from inhibition to activation; however three of the tested CFS showed consistency in biofilm suppression. This was not due to antibacterial activity since Live/Dead fluorescence labeling showed insignificant differences in the amount of dead cells in control and treated samples. Some E. coli strain-specific mechanisms of response to the three CFS included reduction in hydrophobicity and motility. Released exoploysaccharides isolated from the three CFS stimulated sessile growth, but proteinase K reduced their inhibitory activities implying participation of protein or peptide biofilm suppression factor(s).

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Role played by lactobacilli in controlling the population of vaginal pathogens

Cited by 352 publications

References 30 publications

Lactobacillus reuteri -produced cyclic dipeptides quench agr -mediated expression of toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 in staphylococci

Lactobacillus reuteri -produced cyclic dipeptides quench agr -mediated expression of toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 in staphylococci

The vaginal mycobiome: A contemporary perspective on fungi in women's health and diseases

Modulation of Escherichia coli biofilm growth by cell-free spent cultures from lactobacilli

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