Role of Phosphatase Enzymes in Soil

Biological P cycling is influenced by the form of P fertilizer in an Oxisol

“…Activity of acid phosphomonoesterase is generally thought to increase in response to P deficiency (Nannipieri et al 2011;Vance 2008;Vance et al 2003), but acid phosphomonoesterase and phosphodiesterase activities in P-fertilized soils were higher than in the P-unfertilized (and P-deficient) soils at our site, and higher than in P-deficient weathered soils in a separate study also in western Kenya . P fertilization is considered to decrease phosphatase activity because P i can inhibit microbial expression of these enzymes (Nannipieri et al 2011). For example, inverse associations between phosphatase activity and soil P i have been observed in weathered soils in tropical forests (Olander and Vitousek 2000).…”

“…3 Proportion of soil microbial biomass P (P mic ) relative to labile P (P mic /labile P), following fertilization for 13 cropping seasons with Minjingu phosphate rock (PR) or triple super phosphate (TSP) at 50 kg P ha −1 season −1 , with a P-unfertilized control as a reference 2015) because P-solubilizing bacteria secrete phosphatases as part of their P acquisition portfolio (Jones and Oburger 2011). On the other hand, alkaline phosphomonoesterase activity did not respond to P fertilizer form, though it is considered to be solely of microbial origin (Nannipieri et al 2011;Spohn and Kuzyakov 2013a) and in weathered soils can be more sensitive than acid phosphomonoesterase to management (Cui et al 2015). Greater activity of acid phosphomonoesterase, but not alkaline phosphomonoesterase and phosphodiesterase, under Minjingu PR relative to TSP, and under P fertilization relative to no P-fertilization, may be mediated by changes in pH.…”

“…Microbial biomass can serve as a reservoir of available P because microbial immobilization of soil solution P avoids its geochemical capture (Oehl et al 2001), and subsequent turnover of microbial biomass enables scavenged P to become transiently available to plants (Achat et al 2010;Oberson and Joner 2005). Soil phosphatases are a class of enzymes that catalyze the mineralization of organic P (P o ) into plant-available inorganic P (P i ), and their activity is generally stimulated under conditions of P limitation (Nannipieri et al 2011). Soil P o diester forms are first hydrolyzed by phosphodiesterases, with subsequent hydrolysis of resulting monoester P o forms to P i by acid and alkaline phosphomonoesterases (Tabatabai 1994;Turner and Haygarth 2005).…”

“…Characterization of phosphatase activities in weathered soils under cultivation in East Africa is limited to a few studies and mostly acid phosphomonoesterase activity (Bossio et al 2005;Mukuralinda et al 2011;Radersma and Grierson 2004;Verchot and Borelli 2005). Despite the suppression of expression of phosphatases by P i (Nannipieri et al 2011), TSP fertilization in weathered soils in this region at low (25 kg P ha −1 ) and high (250 kg P ha −1 ) rates did not decrease acid phosphomonoesterase activity (Mukuralinda et al 2011;Radersma and Grierson 2004). However, it is not known how activities of acid phosphomonoesterase and additional phosphatases that modulate P cycling may be influenced by the form of P fertilizer in these agroecosystems.…”

Chromium immobilization by extraradical mycelium of arbuscular mycorrhiza contributes to plant chromium tolerance

“…Means followed by the same letter are not significantly different (Duncan test, p < 0.05). that soil phosphatases play an important role in P uptake by plants and mycorrhizal fungi, as these enzymes can mineralize organic P to inorganic P (Nannipieri et al, 2011), and therefore take an active part in P uptake by plants and mycorrhizal fungi. Cr contamination could possibly reduce soil phosphatase activities and thus decrease plant P uptake (Tyler, 1974;Kuperman and Carreiro, 1997).…”