Role of interleukin-6 in ischemic stroke outcome

Abstract

Background: High levels of inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin (IL)-6 are associated with worse outcome after ischemic stroke. Objectives: To study whether the level of IL-6 following ischemic stroke is related to the severity of stroke, infarct volume, stroke subtype, and its impact on stroke outcome. Materials and methods: A total of 90 patients of acute ischemic stroke were enrolled with calculation of infarct volume in MRI brain, and serum IL-6 samples were obtained within 24 h and also after 3 months from stroke onset. NIHSS and MRS were done at stroke onset and after 3 months. Results: The mean value of IL-6 was higher among patients with small vessel occlusion (8.47 pg/ml) with a significant positive correlation between IL-6 and National Institute of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) and modified Rankin Scale (MRS) after 3 months. IL-6 was significantly higher in patients with recurrence with a cutoff IL-6 value above which recurrence is anticipated which is 7.75 pg/ml. Conclusion: Our study concluded that inflammation has an important role in the pathogenesis of acute ischemic stroke particularly small vessel occlusion and it provided evidence that IL-6 contributes to the determination of clinical outcome of acute ischemic stroke and prediction of recurrence.

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“…Thus, monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) appear within hours of a stroke, but tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1), C-reactive protein (CRP), and S100B appear after 12-24 hours and each biomarker had differing abilities to predict 90-day outcomes of stroke [37]. More recently, IL-6 levels correlated with the severity of stroke at admission based on the NIHSS and mRS and also predicted recurrence of stroke [38]. The Reasons for Geographic and Racial Differences in Stroke (REGARDS) study enrolled 30,237 participants and showed that IL-6, but not IL-8 or IL-10 was strongly associated with risk of incident stroke over 5.4 years [39].…”

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