Role of hyaluronic acid in joint lubrication.

Swann, David A.; Radin, Eric L.; Nazimiec, Michael; Weisser, Paul A.; Curran, Nancy; Lewinnek, George E.

doi:10.1136/ard.33.4.318

Cited by 167 publications

(100 citation statements)

References 20 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…A capillary tube capable of measuring the flow times of 0.1-ml fluid samples was used to determine the relative viscosity of the non-lipid supernatant fractions. In addition, intrinsic viscosity measurements were made with a Canon-Ubbelohde semi-micro dilution viscometer as previously described (13).…”

Section: Cmhecond)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The lubricating activity of human synovial fluids

Swann¹,

Bloch²,

Swindell³

et al. 1984

Arthritis & Rheumatism

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The lubricating abilities of human synovial fluids were measured using a rotating cartilage-on-glass apparatus. A total of 247 human fluids were lubricationtested. Of these, 20 of the 180 knee fluids from patients with degenerativehaumatic joint disease lubricated less well than normal bovine synovial fluid. The remainder of the fluids from the knee and other joints were equivalent to normal bovine synovial fluid in their lubricating properties. The concentrations of hyaluronic acid, protein, and sialic acid and the relative viscosity of 117 human fluid samples were determined, but no relationships between the gross composition and the lubricating abilities were apparent.Several types of friction measuring devices have been used to measure the lubricating ability of synovial fluids, and a number of mechanisms by which synovial fluid lubricates articular cartilage have been suggested (1-3). Possibly a combination of mechanisms, working in concert, enables synovial fluid to function as a cartilage lubricant. The extent to which failure of one or more of these mechanisms may limit the lubricating functions of synovial fluid, and contribute to the occurrence of joint diseases, is not known.Our approach to the study of cartilage lubrication has been to fractionate synovial fluid by biochemical procedures and to determine which components are able to act as lubricants in a friction measuring device. In initial studies (4,5), an oscillating cartilageon-cartilage test system was used, and we were able to determine that a purified synovial fluid glycoprotein fraction was able to lubricate articular cartilage. More recently, a simplified rotating cartilage-on-glass friction measuring apparatus was used ( 6 ) . Solutions containing a single detectable glycoprotein (lubricin) (7) at concentrations as low as 30 pgiml had lubricating properties that were similar, if not identical, to those of whole synovial fluid. These results showed that lubricin was an extremely efficient lubricant for articular cartilage and indicated that lubricin was the component that endows synovial fluid with its boundary lubricating properties (8,9).The prior studies were all performed on bovine metacarpophalangeal synovial fluids. The present experiments were undertaken to obtain information about the lubricating ability of human synovial fluids by performing tests on pathologic samples using the rotating cartilage-on-glass test system. PATIENTS AND METHODSSynovial fluids. Human synovial fluids were obtained from patients seen at the Arthritis Unit at the Massachusetts General Hospital. Following the completion of clinical laboratory tests, the samples were stored at 4°C for variable lengths of time (1-4 days). The samples were clarified by

show abstract

Section: Cmhecond)mentioning

confidence: 99%

The lubricating activity of human synovial fluids

Swann¹,

Bloch²,

Swindell³

et al. 1984

Arthritis & Rheumatism

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Since the joint fluid supplements tended to be more viscous than the joint fluid samples, the addition of hyaluronic acid to bovine serum could provide a mixture whose bulk flow properties more closely mimic the in vivo environment over the range of frequencies and deformation rates measured. Since endogenous hyaluronic acid imparts to joint fluid its viscosity [23], these supplements would mimic the in vivo environment chemically as well as rheologically and may therefore be a more appropriate mixture for use in wear tests.…”

Section: Borine Serum Arid Jiyaluronic Acid Preparationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rheology of joint fluid in total knee arthroplasty patients

Mazzucco

McKinley

Scott

et al. 2002

Journal Orthopaedic Research

108

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

While the properties ofjoint fluid may affect the tribology of joint replacement prostheses, the flow parameters of joint fluid have not yet been examined in the context of total knee arthroplasty (TKA). The objective of this study wils to evaluate the flow properties ofjoint fluids in patients undergoing index TKA or revision TKA. We hypothesized that an alteration of the properties ofjoint fluid would result from TKA. The steady-shear viscosity and storage and loss moduli were evaluated in joint fluid from 35 arthritis patients undergoing TKA, 14 patients undergoing revision of a previous TKA, and two patients presenting with joint effusion after TKA. The same properties were also evaluated in two commercially available sodium hyaluronate preparations and bovine serum, which is used as a lubricant in joint simulators. The steady-shear viscosity varied over three orders of magnitude among samples obtained from patients undergoing TKA, spanning previously established "normal" and "diseased" ranges. Fluid obtained at index TKA was more likely to exhibit normal viscous properties than fluid obtained at revision TKA (p = 0.01). Other viscous parameters distinguished the two groups, but the difference did not reach statistical significance. Both groups exhibited degenerate flow properties when compared to synovial fluid from healthy individuals. Further examination of the connection between flow properties and the tribology of joint replacement prostheses is warranted.

show abstract

“…Though earlier models considered hyaluronic acid (HA) as the predominant articular boundary lubricant [28], later work [16,23] showed that HA affected the viscosity of the synovial fluid with insignificant cartilage boundary lubrication. Subsequently, a highly purified glycoprotein fraction isolated from synovial fluid named lubricin, was observed to impart the lubricating properties of synovial fluid [33,[35][36][37][38][39][40]. Swann et al determined that lubricin consisted of 41.544.3% protein and 45.9-55.3% carbohydrate [35].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phospholipid composition of articular cartilage boundary lubricant

Sarma

Powell

LaBerge

2001

Journal Orthopaedic Research

149

143

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The mechanism of lubrication in normal human joints depends on loading and velocity conditions. Boundary lubrication, a mechanism in which layers of molecules separate opposing surfaces, occurs under severe loading. This study was aimed at characterizing the phospholipid composition of the adsorbed molecular layer on the surface of normal cartilage that performs as a boundary lubricant. The different types of phospholipid adsorbed onto the surface of cartilage were isolated by extraction and identified by chromatography on silica gel paper and mass spectroscopy. The main phospholipid classes identified were quantified by a phosphate assay. Gas chromatography and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry were used to further characterize the fatty acyl chains in each major phospholipid component and to identify the molecular species present. Phosphatidylcholine (41%), phosphatidylethanolamine (27%) and sphingomyelin (32%) were the major components of the lipid layer on the normal cartilage surface. For each lipid type, a mixture of fatty acids was detected, with a higher percentage of unsaturated species compared to saturated species. The most abundant fatty acid observed with all three lipid types was oleic acid (C18:l). Additional work to further quantify the molecular species using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry is recommended.

show abstract

Role of hyaluronic acid in joint lubrication.

Cited by 167 publications

References 20 publications

The lubricating activity of human synovial fluids

The lubricating activity of human synovial fluids

Rheology of joint fluid in total knee arthroplasty patients

Phospholipid composition of articular cartilage boundary lubricant

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About