Role of human Cytomegalovirus in the etiology of nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Ahmed, Hussain Gadelkarim; Suliman, Rania; Ashankyty, Ibraheem; Albieh, Zaid Ali; Warille, Aymen A.

doi:10.4103/0973-1482.176175

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The pro-tumor effect persists even after conducting multivariate analysis, implying that HCMV could be a potential oncogenic agent in said malignancies. Our results are related with those reported by Ahmed et al and Chan et al, both of who have detected HCMV in a significant proportion of patients with nasopharyngeal cancer [35,36]. However, it is worthwhile noting that a 1983 study found no association between HCMV infection and nasopharyngeal malignancy [37].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Friend or Foe? Exploring the Role of Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) Infection in Head and Neck Tumors

Trivic,

Milovanovic,

Kablar

et al. 2024

Biomedicines

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Although not regarded as an oncogenic pathogen, the human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) has been associated with a wide array of malignancies. Conversely, a number of studies report on possible anti-tumor properties of the virus, apparently mediated via HCMV-galvanized T-cell tumor killing; these were recently being investigated in clinical trials for the purposes of anti-cancer treatment by means of dendritic cell vaccines and HCMV-specific cytotoxic T cells. In the present study, we have analyzed the relation between a complement of head-and-neck tumors and HCMV infection across 73 countries worldwide using Spearman correlation, univariate and multivariate regression analysis. Intriguingly, HCMV was found to be pro-oncogenic in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma; contrarywise, the virus manifested an inverse (i.e., anti-tumor) association with the tumors of the lip/oral region and the salivary glands. Although this putative protective effect was noted initially for thyroid neoplasia and hypopharyngeal tumors as well, after multivariate regression analysis the connection did not hold. There was no association between laryngeal cancer and HCMV infection. It would appear that, depending on the tissue, HCMV may exert both protective and oncogenic effects. The globally observed protective feature of the virus could potentially be utilized in future therapeutic approaches for salivary tumors and neoplasia in the lip/oral region. As correlation does not necessarily imply causation, more in-depth molecular analyses from comprehensive clinical studies are warranted to substantiate our findings.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Friend or Foe? Exploring the Role of Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) Infection in Head and Neck Tumors

Trivic,

Milovanovic,

Kablar

et al. 2024

Biomedicines

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“…This is most obvious for nasopharyngeal carcinoma and gallbladder cancer. The link with NPC has already described in literature [63], which further corroborates our findings from a global perspective. Interestingly enough, in specific cases (23.3%) of malignancies where CMV generally correlated with cancer-prevention, in some age groups its effect would be statistically recognized as oncogenic (Table 2).…”

Section: At What Time Could CMV Offer Its Greatest Protection?supporting

confidence: 92%

Worldwide Human Cytomegalovirus Oncoprotection across Diverse Populations, Tumor Histologies and Age Groups: Paving the Way for Innovative Cancer Therapies

Jankovic,

Knezevic,

Jovanovic

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The oncogenicity of the human cytomegalovirus (CMV) is debated to this day. In recent years, mounting evidence addresses an anti-cancer effect via T cell-mediated CMV-targeted tumor de-struction. However, the data mostly comes from single-center studies and in vitro experiments. Broad geographic coverage is required to offer a global perspective. This study examined the correlation between country-specific CMV seroprevalence (n=73) and age-standardized inci-dence rates for 34 tumors using data obtained from the International Agency for Research on Cancer of the World Health Organization. The association between CMV and cancer incidences in 10-year age increments was also analyzed. The study revealed a worldwide inverse correlation between CMV seroprevalence and incidences of 88.2% tumors. Notably, this inverse link persists for all cancers combined (Spearman’s ρ= -0.732, p= 0.001). An antithetical and significant correlation is also observed in particular age groups for the vast majority of tumors. Our results corroborate the conclusions of previous studies and indicate that this phenomenon holds true on a global scale. It applies to a wide spectrum of cancer histologies, suggesting a common under-lying mechanism – CMV-stimulated T cell tumor targeting. Although these results further advance the notion of CMV-based therapies, further in-depth investigation of host-virus interactions is warranted.

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“…This is most obvious for nasopharyngeal carcinoma and gallbladder cancer. The link with NPC has already described in the literature [63], which further corroborates our findings from a global perspective. Interestingly enough, in specific cases (23.3%) of malignancies where CMV generally correlated with cancer prevention, in some age groups, its effect would be statistically recognized as oncogenic (Table 2).…”

Section: When Might CMV Provide the Highest Level Of Protection?supporting

confidence: 92%

Human Cytomegalovirus Oncoprotection across Diverse Populations, Tumor Histologies, and Age Groups: The Relevance for Prospective Vaccinal Therapy

Jankovic,

Knezevic,

Tomic

et al. 2024

IJMS

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The oncogenicity of the human cytomegalovirus (CMV) is currently being widely debated. Most recently, mounting clinical evidence suggests an anti-cancer effect via CMV-induced T cell-mediated tumor destruction. However, the data were mostly obtained from single-center studies and in vitro experiments. Broad geographic coverage is required to offer a global perspective. Our study examined the correlation between country-specific CMV seroprevalence (across 73 countries) and the age-standardized incidence rate (of 34 invasive tumors). The populations studied were stratified according to decadal age periods as the immunologic effects of CMV seropositivity may depend upon age at initial infection. The International Agency for Research on Cancer of the World Health Organization (IARC WHO) database was used. The multivariate linear regression analysis revealed a worldwide inverse correlation between CMV seroprevalence and the incidences of 62.8% tumors. Notably, this inverse link persists for all cancers combined (Spearman’s ρ = −0.732, p < 0.001; β = −0.482, p < 0.001, adjusted R2 = 0.737). An antithetical and significant correlation was also observed in particular age groups for the vast majority of tumors. Our results corroborate the conclusions of previous studies and indicate that this oncopreventive phenomenon holds true on a global scale. It applies to a wide spectrum of cancer histologies, additionally supporting the idea of a common underlying mechanism—CMV-stimulated T cell tumor targeting. Although these results further advance the notion of CMV-based therapies, in-depth investigation of host–virus interactions is still warranted.

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Role of human Cytomegalovirus in the etiology of nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Abstract: The present study has shown a relatively considerable association between HCMV and NPC. The great majority of samples sheltering HCMV were also found to hide EBV, which proposes the potentiality of EBV over HCMV.

Cited by 7 publications

References 22 publications

Friend or Foe? Exploring the Role of Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) Infection in Head and Neck Tumors

Friend or Foe? Exploring the Role of Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) Infection in Head and Neck Tumors

Worldwide Human Cytomegalovirus Oncoprotection across Diverse Populations, Tumor Histologies and Age Groups: Paving the Way for Innovative Cancer Therapies

Human Cytomegalovirus Oncoprotection across Diverse Populations, Tumor Histologies, and Age Groups: The Relevance for Prospective Vaccinal Therapy

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