Role of gastrointestinal hormones in feeding behavior and obesity treatment

Kairupan, Timothy Sean; Amitani, Haruka; Cheng, Kai‐Chun; Runtuwene, Joshua; Asakawa, Akihiro; Inui, Akio

doi:10.1007/s00535-015-1118-4

Cited by 24 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 151 publications

(151 reference statements)

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“…Understanding the computational and operational principles that underpin these neural processes will offer insights into the neural basis of motivated behaviors. The main nutrient- and energy-sensing organs in vertebrates are stomach, gut, and white adipose tissue ( Kairupan et al, 2016 ; Porte et al, 2002 ; Small and Bloom, 2004 ). Hormones such as leptin, ghrelin, neuropeptide Y (NPY), and cholecystokinin that are secreted by these organs serve as hunger and satiety signals in the nervous system and control how an animal responds to food cues ( Kairupan et al, 2016 ; Porte et al, 2002 ; Sternson et al, 2013 ; Sternson and Eiselt, 2017 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drosophila mushroom bodies integrate hunger and satiety signals to control innate food-seeking behavior

Tsao

Chen

Lin

et al. 2018

eLife

137

172

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The fruit fly can evaluate its energy state and decide whether to pursue food-related cues. Here, we reveal that the mushroom body (MB) integrates hunger and satiety signals to control food-seeking behavior. We have discovered five pathways in the MB essential for hungry flies to locate and approach food. Blocking the MB-intrinsic Kenyon cells (KCs) and the MB output neurons (MBONs) in these pathways impairs food-seeking behavior. Starvation bi-directionally modulates MBON responses to a food odor, suggesting that hunger and satiety controls occur at the KC-to-MBON synapses. These controls are mediated by six types of dopaminergic neurons (DANs). By manipulating these DANs, we could inhibit food-seeking behavior in hungry flies or promote food seeking in fed flies. Finally, we show that the DANs potentially receive multiple inputs of hunger and satiety signals. This work demonstrates an information-rich central circuit in the fly brain that controls hunger-driven food-seeking behavior.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Drosophila mushroom bodies integrate hunger and satiety signals to control innate food-seeking behavior

Tsao

Chen

Lin

et al. 2018

eLife

137

172

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…They have a major role in the absorption, storage, and consumption of energy derived from the diet [14,15]. Outside the intestine, they also modulate cell metabolism, energy homeostasis, systemic inflammation, appetite and food intake [42,43] . On the other hand, a few clinical studies, modulating gut microbiota in patients under critical care demonstrated a faster return of gut function and earlier achievement of the nutritional target dose [16,17].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of synbiotic supplementation on energy and macronutrients homeostasis and muscle wasting of critical care patients: study protocol and a review of previous studies

Seifi

Safarian

Nematy

et al. 2020

Trials

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Background: An extreme and persistent dysbiosis occurs among critically ill patients, regardless of the heterogeneity of disease. Dysbiosis in critically ill patients may make them prone to hospital-acquired infections, sepsis, multi-organ failure (MOF), energy homeostasis disturbance, muscle wasting, and cachexia. Modulation of gut microbiota through synbiotics can be considered as a potential treatment for muscle wasting and macronutrient homeostasis disturbances.Methods: This is a prospective, single-center, double-blind, parallel randomized controlled trial with the aim to evaluate the effects of synbiotic supplementation on energy and macronutrient homeostasis and muscle wasting in critically ill patients. A total of 40 hemodynamically stable, adult, critically ill patients who receive enteral nutrition via a nasogasteric tube (NGT) in the 24-48 h after admission to critical care will be included in this study. Eligible patients will be randomly assigned to receive Lactocare (ZistTakhmir) capsules 500 mg every 12 h or a placebo capsule, which contains only the sterile maize starch and is similar to synbiotic capsules for 14 days. The synbiotic and placebo capsules will be given through the nasogastric tube, separately from gavage, after feeding. Discussion: Gut microbiota modulation through synbiotics is proposed to improve clinical prognosis and reduce infectious complications, ventilator dependency, and length of ICU stay by improving energy and macronutrient homeostasis and reducing muscle protein catabolism.

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“…Outside the intestine, it also modulates cell metabolism, energy homeostasis, systemic inflammation, appetite and food intake (42,43) . On the other hand, a few clinical studies, modulating gut microbiota in critical care patients, demonstrated a faster return of gut function and earlier achievement of the nutritional target dose (16,17).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of synbiotic supplementation on energy and macronutrients homeostasis and muscle wasting of critical care patients: study protocol and a review of previous studies

Seifi

Safarian

Nematy

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Among critically ill patients, regardless of the heterogeneity of disease state, an extreme and persistent dysbiosis occurs. Dysbiosis in critically ill patients may make them prone to hospital-acquired infections, sepsis, multi-organ failure (MOF), energy homeostasis disturbance, muscle wasting, and cachexia. Modulation of gut microbiota through synbiotics can be considered as a potential treatment for muscle wasting and macronutrients homeostasis disturbances. Methods: This is a prospective, single center, double-blind; a parallel randomized controlled trial that aimed to evaluate the effects of synbiotic supplementation on energy and macronutrient ‎homeostasis and muscle wasting in critical care patients.‎ A total of 40 hemodynamically- stable adult critically ill patients who receive enteral nutrition via nasogasteric tube (NGT) in the 24-48h after admission will be included in this study. Eligible patients will be randomly assigned to receive Lactocare (ZistTakhmir) capsules 500 mg every 12h or a placebo capsule which contains only the sterile maize starch and is similar to synbiotic capsules for 14 days. The synbiotic and placebo capsules will be given through nasogastric tube, separately from gavage, after feeding. Discussion: Gut microbiota modulation through synbiotics is proposed to improve clinical prognosis and reduce infectious complications, ventilator dependency and ICU stay by improving energy and macronutrient homeostasis and reducing muscle protein catabolism.

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Role of gastrointestinal hormones in feeding behavior and obesity treatment

Cited by 24 publications

References 151 publications

Drosophila mushroom bodies integrate hunger and satiety signals to control innate food-seeking behavior

Drosophila mushroom bodies integrate hunger and satiety signals to control innate food-seeking behavior

Effects of synbiotic supplementation on energy and macronutrients homeostasis and muscle wasting of critical care patients: study protocol and a review of previous studies

Effects of synbiotic supplementation on energy and macronutrients homeostasis and muscle wasting of critical care patients: study protocol and a review of previous studies

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