Role of Early Enteral Nutrition in Mechanically Ventilated COVID-19 Patients

Haines, Krista; Parker, Virginia; Ohnuma, Tetsu; Krishnamoorthy, Vijay; Raghunathan, Karthik; Sulo, Suela; Kerr, Kirk W.; Besecker, Beth; Cassady, Bridget A.; Wischmeyer, Paul E.

doi:10.1097/cce.0000000000000683

Cited by 12 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(20 reference statements)

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“…Evidence shows that EEN can lead to shorter ICU and hospital stays, fewer mechanical ventilation days, and decreased hospital expenditure. 23,24 However, less is known about EEN's effectiveness on postsurgery outcomes among children born with GI malformation. This systematic review and meta-analysis found that the experimental group receiving EEN had shortened hospital stays, early fecal movement, and reduced postoperative wound infections.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of Early Enteral Nutrition on Gastrointestinal Surgery Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

et al. 2023

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Congenital anomalies, congenital malformations, or birth defects can be defined as any structural or functional anomalies that develop prenatally and could be identified before, at birth, or later in life. Approximately 6% of babies are born with a congenital anomaly, which results in 2.4 million newborn deaths worldwide. This systematic review and meta-analysis ascertained the quantitative studies published in PubMed, ClinicalKey, Embase, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar. Two authors independently screened and extracted the data from the primary studies that analyzed the efficacy of early enteral nutrition (EEN) on the postoperative outcome. This systematic review and meta-analysis adopted Cochrane Collaboration guidelines and reported using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) statement. The methodological quality of trials was assessed by Cochrane Collaboration's risk of bias tool. Six trials, representing 488 children, with age ranging from 10 days to 6.5 years, fulfilled the inclusion criteria. EEN has significantly shortened hospital stay, induced early fecal movement, and reduced postoperative wound infections in children with congenital gastrointestinal abnormalities undergoing gastrointestinal anastomosis compared with children who received late enteral nutrition. The review also found that the experimental group who received EEN had no significant impact on the anastomosis leakage, vomiting, and abdominal distension. EEN has some positive effects on postsurgery outcomes among children with congenital gastrointestinal anomalies undergoing gastrointestinal anastomosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Efficacy of Early Enteral Nutrition on Gastrointestinal Surgery Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

et al. 2023

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Section: Drug Prevention Of Ventilator-associated Pneumonia In Covid-...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Early enteral nutrition is recommended to prevent VAP in critically ill non-COVID-19 patients ( Klompas et al, 2014b ) and critical COVID-19 patients ( Haines et al, 2022 ). A study of real-world clinical practice showed that early enteral nutrition within 3 days after invasive mechanical ventilation can shorten the time of invasive mechanical ventilation and improve the outcome of COVID-19 patients ( Haines et al, 2022 ). The mechanisms of early enteral nutrition in preventing VAP may involve reducing pathogen colonization and bacterial translocation through facilitating intestinal peristalsis and maintaining intestinal mucosal structure and barrier function.…”

Section: Drug Prevention Of Ventilator-associated Pneumonia In Covid-...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevention and treatment of ventilator-associated pneumonia in COVID-19

Deng

Li²,

Zhang³

et al. 2022

Front. Pharmacol.

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Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is the most common acquired infection in the intensive care unit. Recent studies showed that the critical COVID-19 patients with invasive mechanical ventilation have a high risk of developing VAP, which result in a worse outcome and an increasing economic burden. With the development of critical care medicine, the morbidity and mortality of VAP remains high. Especially since the outbreak of COVID-19, the healthcare system is facing unprecedented challenges. Therefore, many efforts have been made in effective prevention, early diagnosis, and early treatment of VAP. This review focuses on the treatment and prevention drugs of VAP in COVID-19 patients. In general, prevention is more important than treatment for VAP. Prevention of VAP is based on minimizing exposure to mechanical ventilation and encouraging early release. There is little difference in drug prophylaxis from non-COVID-19. In term of treatment of VAP, empirical antibiotics is the main treatment, special attention should be paid to the antimicrobial spectrum and duration of antibiotics because of the existence of drug-resistant bacteria. Further studies with well-designed and large sample size were needed to demonstrate the prevention and treatment of ventilator-associated pneumonia in COVID-19 based on the specificity of COVID-19.

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“…Moreover, supplementation of enteral nutrition with probiotics may decrease septic complications. In patients with COVID-19 requiring mechanical ventilation, early enteral nutrition is associated with earlier liberation from ventilator support, shorter intensive care unit and hospital stay and decreased cost[ 63 , 64 ].…”

Section: Do We Need To Change the Diagnostic And Therapeutic Approach?mentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2 and the pancreas: What do we know about acute pancreatitis in COVID-19 positive patients?

Brisinda¹,

Chiarello²,

Tropeano³

et al. 2022

World J Gastroenterol

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Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can cause pancreatic damage, both directly to the pancreas via angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptors (the transmembrane proteins required for SARS-CoV-2 entry, which are highly expressed by pancreatic cells) and indirectly through locoregional vasculitis and thrombosis. Despite that, there is no clear evidence that SARS-CoV-2 is an etiological agent of acute pancreatitis. Acute pancreatitis in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) positive patients often recognizes biliary or alcoholic etiology. The prevalence of acute pancreatitis in COVID-19 positive patients is not exactly known. However, COVID-19 positive patients with acute pancreatitis have a higher mortality and an increased risk of intensive care unit admission and necrosis compared to COVID-19 negative patients. Acute respiratory distress syndrome is the most frequent cause of death in COVID-19 positive patients and concomitant acute pancreatitis. In this article, we reported recent evidence on the correlation between COVID-19 infection and acute pancreatitis.

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Role of Early Enteral Nutrition in Mechanically Ventilated COVID-19 Patients

Cited by 12 publications

References 13 publications

Efficacy of Early Enteral Nutrition on Gastrointestinal Surgery Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Efficacy of Early Enteral Nutrition on Gastrointestinal Surgery Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Prevention and treatment of ventilator-associated pneumonia in COVID-19

SARS-CoV-2 and the pancreas: What do we know about acute pancreatitis in COVID-19 positive patients?

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