Role of bulk energy in nuclear multifragmentation

Buyukcizmeci, N.; Botvina, A. S.; Mishustin, I. N.; Ogul, R.

doi:10.1103/physrevc.77.034608

Cited by 16 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 49 publications

(84 reference statements)

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“…Otherwise the isoscaling phenomenon would not have been observed. Another possible reason for the extracted small value of C sym is that hot fragments themselves at the so-called 'freeze-out' are dilute due to the strong and Coulomb interactions with surrounding nuclei [388]. This picture, however, seems to contradict the basic Fisher hypothesis that the only correlations inside a dilute medium are those due to clusterization.…”

Section: Evolution Of the Symmetry Energy Observed In The Isoscaling mentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent progress and new challenges in isospin physics with heavy-ion reactions

2008

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The ultimate goal of studying isospin physics via heavy-ion reactions with neutron-rich, stable and/or radioactive nuclei is to explore the isospin dependence of in-medium nuclear effective interactions and the equation of state of neutron-rich nuclear matter, particularly the isospin-dependent term in the equation of state, i.e., the density dependence of the symmetry energy. Because of its great importance for understanding many phenomena in both nuclear physics and astrophysics, the study of the density dependence of the nuclear symmetry energy has been the main focus of the intermediate-energy heavy-ion physics community during the last decade, and significant progress has been achieved both experimentally and theoretically. In particular, a number of phenomena or observables have been identified as sensitive probes to the density dependence of the nuclear symmetry energy. Experimental studies have confirmed some of these interesting isospin-dependent effects and allowed us to constrain relatively stringently the symmetry energy at sub-saturation densities. The impacts of this constrained density dependence of the symmetry energy on the properties of neutron stars have also been studied, and they were found to be very useful for the astrophysical community. With new opportunities provided by the various radioactive beam facilities being constructed around the world, the study of isospin physics is expected to remain one of the forefront research areas in nuclear physics. In this report, we review the major progress achieved during the last decade in isospin physics with heavy ion reactions and discuss future challenges to the most important issues in this field.Key words: Equation of state of asymmetric nuclear matter, Nuclear symmetry energy, Heavy-ion reactions with neutron-rich nuclei, Neutron skin thickness of heavy nuclei, Neutron stars Constraining the Skyrme effective interactions and the neutron skin thickness of heavy nuclei using terrestrial nuclear laboratory data 216 8

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Section: Evolution Of the Symmetry Energy Observed In The Isoscaling mentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent progress and new challenges in isospin physics with heavy-ion reactions

2008

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“…To properly treat the nuclear composition, multi-nuclei EOS based on nuclear statistical equilibrium (NSE) have recently been developed by some research groups [4,5,6,7]. NSE calculations require not only the ground-state nuclear mass but also the internal partition function of each nuclide.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Ref. [4], these two ingredients are incorporated in the form of the free energy of a hot nucleus, with shell corrections being ignored. In Refs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shell effects in hot nuclei and their influence on nuclear composition in supernova matter

Nishimura¹,

Takano²

2014

AIP Conference Proceedings

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Abstract. We calculate nuclear composition in supernova (SN) matter explicitly taking into account the temperature dependence of nuclear shell effects. The abundance of nuclei in SN matter is important in the dynamics of core-collapse supernovae and, in recently constructed equations of state (EOS) for SN matter, the composition of nuclei are calculated assuming nuclear statistical equilibrium wherein the nuclear internal free energies govern the composition. However, in these EOS, thermal effects on the shell energy are not explicitly taken into account. To address this shortfall, we calculate herein the shell energies of hot nuclei and examine their influence on the composition of SN matter. Following a simplified macroscopic-microscopic approach, we first calculate single-particle (SP) energies by using a spherical Woods-Saxon potential. Then we extract shell energies at finite temperatures using Strutinsky method with the Fermi distribution as the average occupation probability of the SP levels. The results show that at relatively low temperatures, shell effects are still important and magic nuclei are abundant. However, at temperatures above approximately 2 MeV, shell effects are almost negligible, and the mass fractions with shell energies including the thermal effect are close to those obtained from a simple liquid drop model at finite temperatures.

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“…Analysis of nuclear multifragmentation data showed that, for the results calculated in thermodynamic models to conform to the experimentally observed ones, the established nuclear parameters taken as inputs in these calculations needed subtle changes [21,22,25,26]. Such a fact points out that the properties of the fragments produced in nuclear disassembly might have been modified because of the interaction of the fragments with the embedding environment in which they are created.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…The reduction in symmetry energy can have a fair explanation from the thermal and expansion effects of the disassembling system [24]. The surface properties of the hot fragments [25] as well as their bulk energy [26] are also speculated to be modified due to the embedding environment. A quantum statistical approach to the nuclear equation of state taking into account the formation of clusters [27,28] shows that the properties of these clusters are modified due to the medium in which they are formed.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of medium on nuclear properties in multifragmentation

Samaddar

Viñas

et al. 2012

Phys. Rev. C

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In multifragmentation of hot nuclear matter, properties of fragments embedded in a soup of nucleonic gas and other fragments should be modified as compared with isolated nuclei. Such modifications are studied within a simple model where only nucleons and one kind of heavy nuclei are considered. The interaction between different species is described with a momentum-dependent two-body potential whose parameters are fitted to reproduce properties of cold isolated nuclei. The internal energy of heavy fragments is parametrized according to a liquid-drop model with density-and temperature-dependent parameters. Calculations are carried out for several subnuclear densities and moderate temperatures, for isospin-symmetric and asymmetric systems. We find that the fragments get stretched due to interactions with the medium and their binding energies decrease with increasing temperature and density of nuclear matter.

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Role of bulk energy in nuclear multifragmentation

Cited by 16 publications

References 49 publications

Recent progress and new challenges in isospin physics with heavy-ion reactions

Recent progress and new challenges in isospin physics with heavy-ion reactions

Shell effects in hot nuclei and their influence on nuclear composition in supernova matter

Effects of medium on nuclear properties in multifragmentation

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