Role of brassinosteroids in rice spikelet differentiation and degeneration under soil-drying during panicle development

Zhang, Weiyang; Sheng, Jiayan; Xu, Yunji; Xiong, Fei; Wu, Yunfei; Wang, Weilu; Wang, Zhiqin; Yang, Jianchang; Zhang, Jianhua

doi:10.1186/s12870-019-2025-2

Cited by 36 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…Enhanced BR concentration suppressed the spikelet degeneration and enhanced spikelet differentiation, thus resulting in more spikelets per panicle. In addition, elevated expression of major determinants of spikelet meristem specification (OsTAW1 and OsAPO2), and sugar partitioning (OsCSA, a MYB domain protein), supports the notion that BR levels in young rice panicles promote spikelet differentiation condition by enhanced meristem activity as well as non-structural carbohydrate partitioning in moderate soil-drying treatment (Zhang et al, 2019a). Further, another study emphasized the role of BR in nitrogen-fertilizer-mediated enhancement of rice spikelet differentiation.…”

Section: Brassinosteroidssupporting

confidence: 53%

Phytohormone-Mediated Molecular Mechanisms Involving Multiple Genes and QTL Govern Grain Number in Rice

et al. 2020

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Increasing the grain number is the most direct route toward enhancing the grain yield in cereals. In rice, grain number can be amplified through increasing the shoot branching (tillering), panicle branching, panicle length, and seed set percentage. Phytohormones have been conclusively shown to control the above characteristics by regulating molecular factors and their cross-interactions. The dynamic equilibrium of cytokinin levels in both shoot and inflorescence meristems, maintained by the regulation of its biosynthesis, activation, and degradation, determines the tillering and panicle branching, respectively. Auxins and gibberellins are known broadly to repress the axillary meristems, while jasmonic acid is implicated in the determination of reproductive meristem formation. The balance of auxin, gibberellin, and cytokinin determines meristematic activities in the inflorescence. Strigolactones have been shown to repress the shoot branching but seem to regulate panicle branching positively. Ethylene, brassinosteroids, and gibberellins regulate spikelet abortion and grain filling. Further studies on the optimization of endogenous hormonal levels can help in the expansion of the grain yield potential of rice. This review focuses on the molecular machinery, involving several genes and quantitative trait loci (QTL), operational in the plant that governs hormonal control and, in turn, gets governed by the hormones to regulate grain number and yield in rice.

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Section: Brassinosteroidssupporting

confidence: 53%

Phytohormone-Mediated Molecular Mechanisms Involving Multiple Genes and QTL Govern Grain Number in Rice

et al. 2020

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“…Further, this process induces two genes ( OsAPO2 and OsTAW1 ) involved in panicle development and also stimulates ascorbate content and ascorbate‐glutathione cycle to reduce H 2 O 2 . Furthermore, the silencing of the BR biosynthetic gene DWARF PROTEIN 11 ( OsDWARF11 ) and application of BR‐inhibitor show similar effects, such as reducing transcripts level of OsAPO2 and OsTAW1 and decrease ascorbate, which ultimately increased H 2 O 2 content in rice (Zhang et al, 2019). In a study, disrupting melatonin biosynthesis genes such as SEROTONIN N‐ACETYLTRANSFERASE 2 ( SNAT2 ), CAFFEIC ACID O‐METHYLTRANSFERASE ( COMT ), and N‐ACETYLSEROTONIN‐O‐METHYLTRANSFERASE ( ASMT ) result in improving multi‐stress tolerance, including drought stress, via decreasing BR biosynthesis (Hwang & Back, 2019).…”

Section: Phytohormones Action and Response Mechanism In Drought Stressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crosstalk between phytohormones and secondary metabolites in the drought stress tolerance of crop plants: A review

Jogawat

Yadav

Chhaya

et al. 2021

Physiologia Plantarum

193

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Drought stress negatively affects crop performance and weakens global food security. It triggers the activation of downstream pathways, mainly through phytohormones homeostasis and their signaling networks, which further initiate the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites (SMs). Roots sense drought stress, the signal travels to the above-ground tissues to induce systemic phytohormones signaling. The systemic signals further trigger the biosynthesis of SMs and stomatal closure to prevent water loss. SMs primarily scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) to protect plants from lipid peroxidation and also perform additional defense-related functions.Moreover, drought-induced volatile SMs can alert the plant tissues to perform drought stress mitigating functions in plants. Other phytohormone-induced stress responses include cell wall and cuticle thickening, root and leaf morphology alteration, and anatomical changes of roots, stems, and leaves, which in turn minimize the oxidative stress, water loss, and other adverse effects of drought. Exogenous applications of phytohormones and genetic engineering of phytohormones signaling and biosynthesis pathways mitigate the drought stress effects. Direct modulation of the SMs biosynthetic pathway genes or indirect via phytohormones' regulation provides drought tolerance. Thus, phytohormones and SMs play key roles in plant development under the drought stress environment in crop plants. | INTRODUCTIONA large segment of the population is going to face food scarcity due to climate change and the gradually decreasing arable land area. Plants are confronted to a variable environment while growing from seedling to mature plant. Different abiotic and biotic stresses affect plant growth and development (Cramer et al., 2011;Fujita et al., 2006;Tuteja & Sopory, 2008). Abiotic stress includes drought, submergence, osmotic stress, salinity stress, oxidative stress, ultra-violet irradiation, wounding, and nutrient depletion. The extremity of optimum factors such as high temperature or low temperature and freezing-thawing is also included in abiotic stresses. Biotic stresses include viruses, bacteria, fungi, algae, worms, nematodes, insects, herbivores, and parasitic plants. Plants have to combat these stressors due to their sessile lifestyle (Cramer et al., 2011;Fujita et al., 2006). More than 50% reduction in average yields of major cereal crops has been reported because of various abiotic stresses. Drought is one of the most important abiotic stresses that negatively influence plant performance and causes harsh effects on biomass and yield (Fahad et al., 2017). A

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“…Also, Chhun et al [25] stated gibberellin coordinates pollen viability and pollen tube growth in rice. BRs are natural plant hormones accepted for their capability to support cell elongation [26]. Among the plant hormones, BRs are the least examined hormones in terms of their effects on pollen germination and tube growth [20].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Brassinosteroid on Pollen Germination and Tube Growth in Three Dianthus Species

Genç

2019

Celal Bayar Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi

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In this study, the effect of brassinosteroid on pollen germination and tube growth of Dianthus calocephalus, Dianthus carmelitarum, and Dianthus deltoides were investigated. Brassinosteroid treatments did not cause a significant increase in pollen germination of Dianthus calocephalus, while the pollen tube length significantly increased by 8.39% at 0.05 mM, 43.75% at 0.25 mM, 38.40% at 0.5 mM and 7.30% at 2.5 mM in compare the control. Also, brassinosteroid treatments did not cause a significant increase in pollen germination, and tube length in Dianthus carmelitanum. Although brassinosteroid treatments did not cause a significant change in pollen tube length in Dianthus deltoides, 0.05 mM, 0.025 mM and 0.5 mM brassinosteroid treatments were found to have an increasing effect on pollen germination. Besides, brassinosteroid treatment did not cause a significant change in tube abnormality for all species and all concentration.

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Role of brassinosteroids in rice spikelet differentiation and degeneration under soil-drying during panicle development

Cited by 36 publications

References 49 publications

Phytohormone-Mediated Molecular Mechanisms Involving Multiple Genes and QTL Govern Grain Number in Rice

Phytohormone-Mediated Molecular Mechanisms Involving Multiple Genes and QTL Govern Grain Number in Rice

Crosstalk between phytohormones and secondary metabolites in the drought stress tolerance of crop plants: A review

The Effect of Brassinosteroid on Pollen Germination and Tube Growth in Three Dianthus Species

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