Role of apoA-II in lipid metabolism and atherosclerosis: advances in the study of an enigmatic protein

Blanco‐Vaca, Francisco; Escolà‐Gil, Joan Carles; Martín‐Campos, Jesús M.; Julve, Josep

doi:10.1016/s0022-2275(20)31499-1

Cited by 122 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 111 publications

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“…Non-denaturing PAGE analysis indicated that the presence of apoAII might also have an advantage in the formation of compact lipoprotein particles, such as HDL. Based on previous evidence that apoAII exists predominantly in HDL (Blanco-Vaca et al, 2001) and the apoE-AII complex prefers HDL to low-density lipoproteins (Weisgraber, 1990), the present finding is certainly reasonable. Our finding that the particle sizes of apoE2-Lp were smaller than those of apoE3-Lp led us to the idea that Cys158 or the apoAII-E2-AII complex may be involved in the formation of apoE-containing lipoprotein particles.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

The redox status of cysteine thiol residues of apolipoprotein E impacts on its lipid interactions

Yamauchi

Kawakami

2020

Biological Chemistry

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Redox-mediated modulation of cysteine (Cys) thiols has roles in various pathophysiological functions. We recently found that formation of disulfide-linked complexes of apolipoprotein (apo) E3 prevented apoE3 from irreversible oxidation. In this report, the influence of modification of Cys thiols in apoE2 and apoE3 on interactions with lipids was investigated. The apoE redox status was examined by a band-shift assay using a maleimide compound, and interactions with lipids were evaluated by a kinetic assay using dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DMPC) and non-denaturing polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. A reduction in DMPC clearance activity of apoE2 and apoE3 but not apoE4 was observed. Although hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidation decreased the clearance activity of the isoforms, apoE2 showed the greatest residual activity. Both Cys thiol masking and dimerization decreased the activity of apoE2 and apoE3 but not apoE4. In contrast, apoAII preincubation markedly increased the activity (apoE2 > apoE3 > apoE4), in accordance with the formation of apoE-AII and apoAII-E2-AII complexes. ApoAII preincubation also reduced the particle size of apoE-DMPC liposome complexes, especially for apoE2. Redox-mediated modification of Cys thiols of apoE2 or apoE3, especially disulfide bond formation with apoAII, affects lipid metabolism and consequently may be responsible for the diverse isoform specificity of apoE.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

The redox status of cysteine thiol residues of apolipoprotein E impacts on its lipid interactions

Yamauchi

Kawakami

2020

Biological Chemistry

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“…Several apolipoprotein types exist with diverse physiological functions and corresponding roles in different diseases (Table 1). Tangier disease, amyloidosis [44,70], cardiovascular disease progression [70,71], Alzheimer disease [72,73], sepsis [74], schizophrenia [75], chronic pain [76] A2 HDL Lipid transport, inflammation, neuronal regeneration [69] Cardiovascular disease progression [43], amyloidosis [44,77] A4 Chylomicrons, VLDL-C, HDL, hypothalamus…”

Section: Cholesterol and Lipoproteins-function And Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Conversely, the lipid profile may be a pivotal component of the several co-morbidities typically seen in sepsis survivors. Though direct links between lipid profile abnormalities and post-septic conditions are not studied in-depth, cholesterol metabolism is critical in the natural history of dementia, cognitive decline, and cardiovascular system performance [ 43 , 44 , 45 ]. All of these conditions are often seen in the aftermath of sepsis [ 10 , 29 , 30 , 32 , 33 , 46 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Persistence of Lipoproteins and Cholesterol Alterations after Sepsis: Implication for Atherosclerosis Progression

Laudański

2021

IJMS

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(1) Background: Sepsis is one of the most common critical care illnesses with increasing survivorship. The quality of life in sepsis survivors is adversely affected by several co-morbidities, including increased incidence of dementia, stroke, cardiac disease and at least temporary deterioration in cognitive dysfunction. One of the potential explanations for their progression is the persistence of lipid profile abnormalities induced during acute sepsis into recovery, resulting in acceleration of atherosclerosis. (2) Methods: This is a targeted review of the abnormalities in the long-term lipid profile abnormalities after sepsis; (3) Results: There is a well-established body of evidence demonstrating acute alteration in lipid profile (HDL-c ↓↓, LDL-C -c ↓↓). In contrast, a limited number of studies demonstrated depression of HDL-c levels with a concomitant increase in LDL-C -c in the wake of sepsis. VLDL-C -c and Lp(a) remained unaltered in few studies as well. Apolipoprotein A1 was altered in survivors suggesting abnormalities in lipoprotein metabolism concomitant to overall lipoprotein abnormalities. However, most of the studies were limited to a four-month follow-up and patient groups were relatively small. Only one study looked at the atherosclerosis progression in sepsis survivors using clinical correlates, demonstrating an acceleration of plaque formation in the aorta, and a large metanalysis suggested an increase in the risk of stroke or acute coronary event between 3% to 9% in sepsis survivors. (4) Conclusions: The limited evidence suggests an emergence and persistence of the proatherogenic lipid profile in sepsis survivors that potentially contributes, along with other factors, to the clinical sequel of atherosclerosis.

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“…Surprisingly, our study demonstrated that apo AI level significantly exceeds accepted norms, both at the time of diagnosis and after 12 months of the study. On the other hand, apo AII level (despite the significant increase in concentration) is significantly below accepted norms at the same time points [ 21 , 22 ]. The above results suggest a protective mechanism against metabolic disturbance which occurs at the onset of T1DM.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is it time to change the goals of lipid management in type 1 diabetes mellitus? Changes in apolipoprotein levels during the first year of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Prospective InLipoDiab1 study

et al. 2020

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IntroductionApolipoprotein complement is a critical determinant of lipoprotein function and metabolism. The relation between exogenous insulin and apolipoproteins (apos) in newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) has not yet been studied extensively. The aim of this study was to prospectively observe the changes in serum apos AI (apo AI) and AII (apo AII) in patients with newly diagnosed T1DM and their association with the daily insulin requirement.Material and methodsThirty-four participants of the InLipoDiab1 study aged 26 (IQR: 22–32) were enrolled in this analysis. Apolipoprotein AI and AII concentrations were assessed at diagnosis and at follow-up after 3 weeks, 6 months, and 1 year of insulin treatment. The daily dose of insulin (DDI) was calculated as the amount of short- and long-acting insulin at discharge from the hospital and at follow-up visits.ResultsThe changes in apo AI concentration were observed after 3 weeks of insulin treatment (p = 0.04), with the largest increase between 3 weeks and 6 months of observation (p < 0.001). Apolipoprotein AII level did not change significantly after 3 weeks, while a significant increase was observed between 3 weeks and 6 months of treatment (p < 0.001). The correlations between DDI and apo concentration were not statistically significant.ConclusionsIn the first year of T1DM, there is a significant increase in apos concentration. Due to the significant deviation of apos concentration from accepted norms, changes in the recommendations of lipid control criteria in T1DM may be considered.

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Role of apoA-II in lipid metabolism and atherosclerosis: advances in the study of an enigmatic protein

Cited by 122 publications

References 111 publications

The redox status of cysteine thiol residues of apolipoprotein E impacts on its lipid interactions

The redox status of cysteine thiol residues of apolipoprotein E impacts on its lipid interactions

Persistence of Lipoproteins and Cholesterol Alterations after Sepsis: Implication for Atherosclerosis Progression

Is it time to change the goals of lipid management in type 1 diabetes mellitus? Changes in apolipoprotein levels during the first year of type 1 diabetes mellitus. Prospective InLipoDiab1 study

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