Robust hierarchical porous Polycaprolactone/nano-Hydroxyapatite/Polyethylene glycol scaffolds with boosted in vitro osteogenic ability

Fabrication of 3D-Printed Scaffolds with Multiscale Porosity

“…The porosity of the material has a strong influence on the mechanical properties—in particular, an increase in porosity leads to a decrease in the values of compressive strength and compressive modulus 67 The effect of porosity on the compression modulus of PCL materials was presented in the work of Guarino et al; 68 compressive strength and compressive modulus value decrease was observed by Xia et al for their porous PCL-HA materials. 69 However, in the case of salt-leached materials described in the literature, the stress–strain curve retains its sigmoid but flattened shape, even in variants with the highest porosity. In our case, the curve no longer has a sigmoidal shape and remains typical for elastomer materials.…”

Mechanically suitable and osteoinductive 3D‐printed composite scaffolds with hydroxyapatite nanoparticles having diverse morphologies for bone tissue engineering

“…36 Still, Xia et al results from porous PCL-nHAp scaffolds show decreased compression modulus and compressive strength for scaffolds containing 10%, 20%, and 30% of nHAp compared to pure PCL. 37 Thus, depending on the exact size of nHAp and the composite composition, the strength of the final material varies, even when PCL and nHAp are used together. Among the scaffolds containing 50% nHAp, only the sample containing spherical hydroxyapatite nanoparticles showed lower values of the previously mentioned parameters.…”