Robust Above‐Room‐Temperature Ferromagnetism in Few‐Layer Antimonene Triggered by Nonmagnetic Adatoms

Abstract

Abstract2D ferromagnets have attracted considerable attention due to their strong potential in the post‐Moore Law era. However, intrinsic 2D ferromagnetic materials typically suffer from suppressed Curie temperature due to thermal fluctuation, magnetic order instability in the 2D limit, and others. Herein, a nonmagnetic fluorine modification strategy is proposed to control the ferromagnetism of air‐stable antimonene. It is demonstrated that fluorinated antimonene (F‐antimonene), synthesized via an electrochemical exfoliation and synchronous fluorination method, exhibits robust ferromagnetism with a Curie temperature of up to 717 K (compared with a Curie temperature of 220 K for pristine antimonene) and a saturation magnetization of ≈0.1 emu g−1 (determined by the fluorination degree). First‐principles simulations confirm that the robust long‐range ferromagnetic order in the half‐metallic F‐antimonene is induced by the low‐density sp‐electron‐polarized impurity subbands. The study constitutes a nonmagnetic control of robust above‐room‐temperature ferromagnetism in monoelemental 2D semiconductors and paves a new route toward 2D atomic layer‐based spin devices.

Scrolling reduced graphene oxides to induce room temperature magnetism via spatial coupling of defects

“…S20b, ESI†) indicates the presence of paramagnetic species, due to the introduction of defects. 48,51 Compared with the ZFC/FC curves of DR-rGO nanoscrolls-550 (Fig. S15a, ESI†), only a tiny bifurcation exists in DR-rGO nanosheets-550 below 70 K. With temperatures ranging from 70 to 300 K, ZFC and FC curves of DR-rGO nanosheets-550 overlap and exhibit a weak ferromagnetic behavior.…”

Electrochemically Engineering Antimony Interspersed on Graphene toward Advanced Sodium-Storage Anodes

“…The Raman spectra of pure Sb and Sb/Gr hybrids are shown in Figure S3b; clearly, E g and A 1g vibration bands of pure Sb and Sb/Gr hybrids were located at 101.8 and 137.1 cm −1 , respectively (Figure S3c). 49 In addition, three peaks around 1339.7, 1577.1, and 2693.2 cm −1 are related to D, G, and 2D bands of graphene, and the intensities of I D /I G are about 1, indicating that graphene shows the presence of defects and functional groups. 50 Figure 3f shows the XPS spectra of the Sb/Gr hybrid, from which the results of Sb, C, and O can be clearly observed.…”

Unveiling ferromagnetism and antiferromagnetism in two dimensions at room temperature

“…Robust 2D ferromagnetism with T C = 717 K is observed in air-stable few-layer antimonene under fluorination, exceeding the T C = 220 K reported to pristine antimonene [305]. A 2D magnetic materials comparison between T C values are presented in figure 5.…”