Roadmap on STIRAP applications

Abstract

STIRAP (Stimulated Raman Adiabatic Passage) is a powerful laser-based method, usually involving two photons, for efficient and selective transfer of population between quantum states. A particularly interesting feature is the fact that the coupling between the initial and the final quantum states is via an intermediate state even though the lifetime of the latter can be much shorter than the interaction time with the laser radiation. Nevertheless, spontaneous emission from the intermediate state is prevented by quantum interference. Maintaining the coherence between the initial and final state throughout the transfer process is crucial.STIRAP was initially developed with applications in chemical dynamics in mind. That is why the original paper of 1990 was published in The Journal of Chemical Physics. However, as of about the year 2000, the unique capabilities of STIRAP and its robustness with respect to small variations of some experimental parameters stimulated many researchers to apply the scheme in a variety of other fields of physics. The successes of these efforts are documented in this collection of articles. In Part A the experimental success of STIRAP in manipulating or controlling molecules, photons, ions or even quantum systems in a solid-state environment is documented. After a brief introduction to the basic physics of STIRAP, the central role of the method in the formation of ultra-cold molecules is discussed, followed by a presentation of how precision experiments (measurement of the upper limit of the electric dipole moment of the electron or detecting the consequences of parity violation in chiral molecules) or chemical dynamics studies at ultra-low temperatures benefit from STIRAP. Next comes the STIRAP-based control of photons in cavities followed by a group of three contributions which highlight the potential of the STIRAP concept in classical physics by presenting data on the transfer of waves (photonic, magnonic and phononic) between respective wave guides. The works on ions or ion-strings discuss options for applications e.g. in quantum information. Finally, the success of STIRAP in the controlled manipulation of quantum states in solid-state systems, which are usually hostile towards coherent processes, is presented, dealing with data storage in rare-earth ion doped crystals and in NV-centers or even in superconducting quantum circuits. The works on ions and those involving solid-state systems emphasize the relevance of the results for quantum information protocols.Part B deals with theoretical work including further concepts relevant for quantum information or invoking STIRAP for the manipulation of matter waves. The subsequent articles discuss experiments underway to demonstrate the potential of STIRAP for populating otherwise inaccessible high-lying Rydberg states of molecules, or controlling and cooling the translational motion of particles in a molecular beam or the polarization of angular momentum states. The series of articles concludes with a more speculative application of STIRAP i...

Speeding up the Generation of Entangled State between a Superconducting Qubit and Cavity Photons via Counterdiabatic Driving

“…The transfer operation within the composite three‐state system is analogous to that based on stimulated Raman adiabatic passage. [ 52 ] During the whole transfer process, behaving as an auxiliary state is scarcely populated, and thus it only assists the coherent transfer operation.…”

Robustness of STIRAP Shortcuts under Ornstein-Uhlenbeck Noise in the Energy Levels

“…Stimulated Raman adiabatic passage (STIRAP) is a widely used quantum control method for the efficient transfer of a population in a three-level Λ-type system [1][2][3][4], which has also been exploited in multi-level systems [5]. The population is transferred from level |1 to level |3 through the intermediate level |2 by applying two laser pulses in a counterintuitive order, the Stokes pulse connecting levels |2 − |3 and the pump pulse connecting levels |1 − |2 .…”

“…During the application of STIRAP pulses, the intermediate level |2 is hardly populated, while states |1 and |3 form a coherent superposition, which is adiabatically transformed from state |1 at the beginning to state |3 at the end. The method has found a broad spectrum of applications in current quantum technologies, ranging from optical waveguides [6] and matter waves [7] to diamond nitrogen vacancy centers [8] and superconducting quantum circuits [9]; for more details, see the recently published roadmap [4]. The major advantage of STIRAP is its robustness against moderate variations of system parameters.…”

Simulating Spin Chains Using a Superconducting Circuit: Gauge Invariance, Superadiabatic Transport, and Broken Time‐Reversal Symmetry

“…[32]. In the specific case of spin lattices however, spatial transport of spins is often referred to as dark‐state adiabatic passage (DSAP), [ 33 ] which is the terminology we will also use.…”