Risks for Individuals With Schizophrenia Who Are Living in the Community

Brekke, John S.; Prindle, Cathy; Bae, Sung-Woo; Long, Jeffrey D.

doi:10.1176/appi.ps.52.10.1358

Cited by 251 publications

(197 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Whereas only a small minority of people with schizophrenia are violent (.03% for homicide, .2% for violent offences; Wallace et al, 1998), these individuals are much more likely to be the victims of crime than the perpetrators (Brekke, Prindle, Bae, & Long, 2001). A number of studies have concluded that a greater proportion of individuals with schizophrenia are involved in violent or aggressive behaviour than individuals from the general population, particularly during untreated first episode psychosis (Bennett et al, 2011;Fazel, Gulati, Linsell, Geddes, & Grann, 2009;Large, Smith, & Nielssen, 2009;Nielssen & Large, 2010).…”

Section: Schizophrenia and Violencementioning

confidence: 99%

Moral cognition in schizophrenia

McGuire

Langdon

Brüne

2014

Cognitive Neuropsychiatry

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Introduction. Disordered moral behaviour and understanding of moral rules were described early in the literature on schizophrenia; however, moral cognition has received scant attention in spite of a large literature focused on social cognitive impairments and violent behaviour in schizophrenia. Methods. We conducted a narrative synthesis of the literature on violence, moral judgement and schizophrenia. Results. Initial empirical research into moral cognition in schizophrenia did not fully account for the basic-and social-cognitive deficits now known to characterise schizophrenia. Importantly, research into moral cognition in autism and psychopathy, disorders in part characterised by social cognitive impairments indicates subtle patterns of difference to the moral cognition of control participants. Recent neuroeconomic studies of moral cognition in schizophrenia have indicated that individuals with schizophrenia display subtle dysfunction in their fairness-related behaviours, but not in their propensity to engage in altruistic punishment. Conclusions. Further research has the potential to broaden our understanding of what is intact and what is impaired in moral cognition in schizophrenia and also to inform our theories of the structures subserving moral judgement in the general population. Furthermore, a more thorough understanding of moral cognitive impairments in schizophrenia may have implications for both legal process and psychosocial rehabilitation.

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Section: Schizophrenia and Violencementioning

confidence: 99%

Moral cognition in schizophrenia

McGuire

Langdon

Brüne

2014

Cognitive Neuropsychiatry

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“…Todos tinham moradia e não apresentavam comorbidade com transtorno por uso de substâncias. Apesar de 48% deles terem tido contato com a polícia durante o período, o grupo pesquisado foi 14 vezes mais vítima de um crime violento do que causadores (Brekke et al, 2001). Esses achados foram questionados posteriormente em relação ao ambiente urbano, muito desfavorável para o paciente esquizofrênico, o qual poderia estar favorecendo a situação de vítima de crime violento (Hume, 2001).…”

Section: Violência Entre Pacientes Com Transtornos Mentaisunclassified

Esquizofrenia, psicopatologia e crime violento: uma revisão das evidências empíricas

Teixeira

Pereira

Rigacci

et al. 2007

J. bras. psiquiatr.

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Palavras-chavesEsquizofrenia, psicose, psicopatologia, crime violento. resumo objetivo: Estudar, mediante uma revisão sistemática da literatura científica, a relação esquizofrenia, psicose e violência. métodos: Realizou-se uma busca eletrônica por meio das bases de dados Medline, SciELO e Lilacs, até a data de junho de 2006, considerando artigos de línguas inglesa e portuguesa. resultados: Um número de pesquisas revela associação entre esquizofrenia e comportamento violento, principalmente quando existe comorbidade com abuso de substâncias. Aspectos específicos dos delírios são relacionados com comportamento violento, como maior grau de convicção e presença de delírios de controle e perseguição. Conclusões: Apesar de limitações metodológicas, alguns aspectos da psicopatologia aguda da psicose e da comorbidade de abuso de substâncias parecem estar fortemente relacionados à presença de comportamento violento entre pacientes psicóticos. De acordo com os estudos analisados, somente uma pequena parcela da violência social poder ser atribuída a esse grupo de pacientes. Novas pesquisas deverão futuramente permitir prever antecipadamente o risco de um comportamento violento, permitindo com isso intervenções preventivas e redução do processo de estigmatização. AbstrACt

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“…Arguably, the emphasis on cognitive distortion further stigmatises mental illnesses by linking psychological disturbance with rage and extraordinary violence, although people with mental illnesses commit just 4% of violent crimes (Fazel and Grann 2006). Furthermore, there is evidence that severe cognitive disturbances, such as schizophrenia, reduce the risk of violent behaviour (Brekke et al 2001;Nestor 2002). Rather than focusing on offenders' cognitive disturbance to analyse the text to uncover psychological motives for the incident, the text in this analysis is approached as a 'cultural code' that connects discourse, crime, and society.…”

Section: Exceptionality Masculinity and Mass Shootingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fragile masculinity: social inequalities in the narrative frame and discursive construction of a mass shooter’s autobiography/manifesto

Myketiak

2016

Contemporary Social Science

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Mass shootings, where four or more people are injured or killed, are widely constructed as a contemporary American social problem. This article uses critical discourse analysis guided by thematic analysis to examine the text written and distributed by a mass shooter in California in 2014. Analysis of the narrative frame and discursive construction shows that the author is motivated by a precarious or 'fragile' relationship to masculinity that involves positioning himself against both women and other minority ethnic men in a way that underscores multiple social inequalities. This work contributes to the social science of narrative by building on the connections between positioning theory and framing, which are applied to a text that contributes to debates in feminist linguistics and broader discussions of mass shootings. The findings contribute to feminist linguistics by demonstrating how a mass shooter uses language to rationalise his actions through a frame of hegemonic masculinity based on social inequalities, namely gender, race/ethnicity, sexuality, and social class. Finally, this work contributes to broader discussions of mass shooters by demonstrating how this mass shooter does not construct or position himself in a way that is exceptional or extraordinary but rather hinges on a fragile form of contemporary masculinity that uses violence as a way to prove self-worth, dominance, and superiority.

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Risks for Individuals With Schizophrenia Who Are Living in the Community

Abstract: Individuals in this sample were at least 14 times more likely to be victims of a violent crime than to be arrested for one. In general, the risk associated with being in the community was higher than the risk these individuals posed to the community

Cited by 251 publications

References 43 publications

Moral cognition in schizophrenia

Moral cognition in schizophrenia

Esquizofrenia, psicopatologia e crime violento: uma revisão das evidências empíricas

Fragile masculinity: social inequalities in the narrative frame and discursive construction of a mass shooter’s autobiography/manifesto

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