Risk factors for syphilis in young women attending a family health program in Vitória, Brazil

Miranda, Angélica Espinosa; Figueiredo, Nínive Camilo; Pinto, Valdir Monteiro; Page, Kimberly; Talhari, Sinésio

doi:10.1590/s0365-05962012000100009

Cited by 20 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(7 reference statements)

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“…In addition, many women were appropriately treated but still went on to have babies with CS or APOs because they presented for PNC late in pregnancy or not at all. 18,25,26 Evidence that the duration of infection is important and is supported by the observation that mothers with high nontreponemal titers, as seen in earlier stages of infection, are most at risk for passing on infection to their infants. 10,14,20Y22 However, risk factors for APOs and CS were still rarely reported in China.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Risk Factors for Congenital Syphilis and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Offspring of Women With Syphilis in Shenzhen, China

Qin¹,

Feng²,

Yang³

et al. 2014

Sexually Transmitted Diseases

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Risk Factors for Congenital Syphilis and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Offspring of Women With Syphilis in Shenzhen, China

Qin¹,

Feng²,

Yang³

et al. 2014

Sexually Transmitted Diseases

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“…In the model, the positive outcomes of using such a test are more dependent on effective diagnoses and treatment rather than inappropriate treatment, as treatment has generally low harm [20]. Penicillin has rarely any side effects when given at the therapeutic doses [21], [22], there is no evidence that T. pallidum has developed resistance to penicillin [5], and it is inexpensive [23]. The rapid and POC tests in this meta-analysis fulfilled the performance threshold in the model and can hence be recommended to save lives in resource limited settings.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Are Treponema pallidum Specific Rapid and Point-of-Care Tests for Syphilis Accurate Enough for Screening in Resource Limited Settings? Evidence from a Meta-Analysis

et al. 2013

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BackgroundRapid and point-of-care (POC) tests for syphilis are an invaluable screening tool, yet inadequate evaluation of their diagnostic accuracy against best reference standards limits their widespread global uptake. To fill this gap, a systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of rapid and POC tests in blood and serum samples against Treponema pallidum (TP) specific reference standards.MethodsFive electronic databases (1980–2012) were searched, data was extracted from 33 articles, and Bayesian hierarchical models were fit.ResultsIn serum samples, against a TP specific reference standard point estimates with 95% credible intervals (CrI) for the sensitivities of popular tests were: i) Determine, 90.04% (80.45, 95.21), ii) SD Bioline, 87.06% (75.67, 94.50), iii) VisiTect, 85.13% (72.83, 92.57), and iv) Syphicheck, 74.48% (56.85, 88.44), while specificities were: i) Syphicheck, 99.14% (96.37, 100), ii) Visitect, 96.45% (91.92, 99.29), iii) SD Bioline, 95.85% (89.89, 99.53), and iv) Determine, 94.15% (89.26, 97.66). In whole blood samples, sensitivities were: i) Determine, 86.32% (77.26, 91.70), ii) SD Bioline, 84.50% (78.81, 92.61), iii) Syphicheck, 74.47% (63.94, 82.13), and iv) VisiTect, 74.26% (53.62, 83.68), while specificities were: i) Syphicheck, 99.58% (98.91, 99.96), ii) VisiTect, 99.43% (98.22, 99.98), iii) SD Bioline, 97.95%(92.54, 99.33), and iv) Determine, 95.85% (92.42, 97.74).ConclusionsRapid and POC treponemal tests reported sensitivity and specificity estimates comparable to laboratory-based treponemal tests. In resource limited settings, where access to screening is limited and where risk of patients lost to follow up is high, the introduction of these tests has already been shown to improve access to screening and treatment to prevent stillbirths and neonatal mortality due to congenital syphilis. Based on the evidence, it is concluded that rapid and POC tests are useful in resource limited settings with poor access to laboratories or screening for syphilis.

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“…Awareness and disclosure of HIV serostatus to sexual partners by heterosexual and bisexual men are still a matter of trust with a high potential for stigma. Two‐thirds of women surveyed agreed that it was not easy to tell their sexual partner they do not want to have sex without condoms . Population‐based studies in Brazil found that 36·6% of young women reported condom use at last intercourse and those who did were more concerned with preventing sexual transmitted infections than pregnancy .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk factors for human immunodeficiency virus infection among Brazilian blood donors: a multicentre case–control study using audio computer‐assisted structured interviews

et al. 2013

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Background Although risk factors for HIV infection are known, it is important for blood centers to understand local epidemiology and disease transmission patterns. Current risk factors for HIV infection in blood donors in Brazil were assessed. Methods A case-control study was conducted at large public blood centers located in four major cities between April 2009 – March 2011. Cases were persons whose donations were confirmed positive by enzyme immunoassays followed by Western Blot confirmation. Audio computer-assisted structured-interviews (ACASI) were completed by all cases and controls. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (AORs) and associated 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results There were 341 cases, including 47 with recently-acquired infection, and 791 controls. Disclosed risk factors for both females and males were sex with an HIV-positive person (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 11.3, 95% CI [4.1, 31.7]) and being an IVDU or sexual partner of an IVDU (AOR 4.65 [1.8, 11.7]). For female blood donors, additional risk factors were having male sex partners who also are MSM (AOR 13.5 [3.1, 59.8]), and having unprotected sex with multiple sexual partners (AOR 5.19 [2.1, 12.9]). The primary risk factor for male blood donors was MSM activity (AOR 21.6 [8.8, 52.9.]). Behaviors associated with recently-acquired HIV were being a MSM or sex partner of MSM (13.82, [4.7, 40.3]), and IVDU (11.47, [3.0, 43.2]). Conclusion Risk factors in blood donors parallel those in the general population in Brazil. Identified risk factors suggest that donor compliance with selection procedures at the participating blood centers is inadequate.

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Risk factors for syphilis in young women attending a family health program in Vitória, Brazil

Abstract: Using the FHP as an approach to perform routine VDRL can contribute to decreasing the vulnerability of these women and help control congenital syphilis.

Cited by 20 publications

References 16 publications

Risk Factors for Congenital Syphilis and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Offspring of Women With Syphilis in Shenzhen, China

Risk Factors for Congenital Syphilis and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Offspring of Women With Syphilis in Shenzhen, China

Are Treponema pallidum Specific Rapid and Point-of-Care Tests for Syphilis Accurate Enough for Screening in Resource Limited Settings? Evidence from a Meta-Analysis

Risk factors for human immunodeficiency virus infection among Brazilian blood donors: a multicentre case–control study using audio computer‐assisted structured interviews

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