Risk Factors for Recurrence to the Lymph Node in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Patients without Preoperatively Detectable Lateral Node Metastasis: Validity of Prophylactic Modified Radical Neck Dissection

Ito, Yasuhiro; Higashiyama, Takuya; Takamura, Yuuki; Miya, Akihiro; Kobayashi, Kaoru; Matsuzuka, Fumio; Kuma, Kanji; Miyauchi, Akira

doi:10.1007/s00268-007-9224-y

Cited by 222 publications

(179 citation statements)

References 43 publications

(37 reference statements)

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“…In one study, it was reported that lymph node metastases were present in 40.5% of patients with microcarcinoma, even though the patients were diagnosed as node negative before surgery (141). [141][142][143]. In one study, multifocality, extrathyroidal extension, and lymph node metastasis at diagnosis were similarly prevalent in patients with PTMC and in those with larger papillary thyroid carcinomas (21).…”

Section: Clinical and Pathologic Characteristics Of Ptmc At Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 93%

“…The prevalence of extracapsular invasion and lymph node metastasis at diagnosis ranged between 2 (4) and 62.1% (112) and 0 (113) and 64% (8) respectively. In one study, it was reported that lymph node metastases were present in 40.5% of patients with microcarcinoma, even though the patients were diagnosed as node negative before surgery (141). [141][142][143].…”

Section: Clinical and Pathologic Characteristics Of Ptmc At Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thyroid papillary microcarcinoma: a descriptive and meta-analysis study

Roti

Uberti

Bondanelli

et al. 2008

European Journal of Endocrinology

284

229

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The authors review anatomical, clinical characteristics and prevalence of thyroid microcarcinoma. Diagnostic procedures and risk factors of aggressiveness at diagnosis and during follow-up are also covered. The possible clinical, pathologic and therapeutic risk factors are analyzed by meta-analysis study. Treatment procedures by different authors and guidelines suggested by societies are reported.European Journal of Endocrinology 159 659-673

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Section: Clinical and Pathologic Characteristics Of Ptmc At Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 93%

Section: Clinical and Pathologic Characteristics Of Ptmc At Diagnosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Thyroid papillary microcarcinoma: a descriptive and meta-analysis study

Roti

Uberti

Bondanelli

et al. 2008

European Journal of Endocrinology

284

229

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Although PTMC is generally associated with an excellent prognosis, CLNM is common in PTMC patients with an incidence of 41-64% (12-17). There is no controversy in performing therapeutic neck dissection on cervical lymph node-positive PTMC patients to reduce the chance of persistence and recurrence (18), however debate remains as to whether CND should be performed on cN0 PTMC patients. A number of authors have proposed that there should be routine CND in patients with PTMC since there is evidence demonstrating that residual metastases in cervical lymph nodes represent the most common site of recurrent disease, and repeated operations may increase the incidence of operative complications, including hypoparathyroidism and damage to the laryngeal nerve (19).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of central lymph node metastasis in 392 patients with cervical lymph node-negative papillary thyroid carcinoma in Eastern China

et al. 2015

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Abstract. Central lymph node metastasis (CLNM) is common in papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC). The aim of the present study was to investigate the risk factors associated with CLNM in clinical lateral cervical lymph node-negative (cN0) PTMC in Eastern China. A total of 392 patients with confirmed PTMC by histological examination who underwent thyroidectomy and central neck lymph node dissection (CND) between May 2011 and October 2012 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University (Wenzhou, China) were enrolled. The clinicopathological and ultrasonographic data from the patients were analyzed retrospectively. A scoring system was developed on the basis of independent predictive factors for CLNM. Male gender, age <45 years, maximum tumor diameter >5 mm, lower lobe location, multifocal carcinoma with total tumor diameter >10 mm and extracapsular spread were independent predictive factors for CLNM according to logistic regression analysis. The clinicopathological score was statistically significant, with an index point ≥2 indicating CLNM with 86.2% sensitivity and 70.4% specificity. The findings of the present study indicate that CND may be recommended to be routinely performed when the clinicopathological index point ≥2.

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“…Some studies imply that the presence of lymph node metastases does not have any impact on the prognosis 31,32 . In contrast, other authors consider the presence of lymph node metastases a negative prognostic factor, especially in the case of bilateral and contralateral cervical lymph node metastases [33][34][35] . The prognosis in the case of affected nodes depends on the age, when the disease manifested.…”

Section: Tumor Sizementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Total thyroidectomy is required in the case of multifocal PTMC or tumors of higher TNM stage. This surgery allows postoperative optimization using the I-131 therapy, easier monitoring of the disease on the thyroglobulin levels, decrease in loco-regional recurrence, and improved prognosis 31,33,42 .…”

Section: Extent Of Surgerymentioning

confidence: 99%

The epidemiology of thyroid cancer in the Czech Republic in comparison with other countries

Lukas¹,

Drábek²,

Lukáš³

et al. 2013

BIOMED PAP

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Background. Thyroid cancer includes a broad spectrum of tumours with different prognoses. The global incidence has been increasing in recent years. Variables affecting its etiology are dietary, especially iodine intake and to a lesser extent selenium, environmental, like -ionizing radiation and, increased TSH level. These factors interplay with epigenetic and genetic changes within the cell. This review article presents thyroid cancer epidemiology, describes its main characteristics and the influence of environmental and lifestyle risk factors in the Czech Republic in comparison with other countries. Methods and Results. An epidemiological study of Czech patients with malignant thyroid carcinoma was made on the basis of the National Oncologic Registry (NOR) and Czech Statistical Office data summarized on the web portal SVOD. The data were compared with international data from the project GLOBOCAN 2008 Cancer Incidence and Mortality Worldwide. Apart from risk factors, prognostic factors with effect on patient survival were also analyzed. The survey showed that the incidence of thyroid cancer has been steadily growing in the Czech Republic. Since the beginning of the 1980s, it has increased 4 fold. It has a higher incidence than most other European countries but it is ranked with countries with an average and decreasing mortality. Obviously, the improved detection methods do not explain the growing incidence. The highest incidence is found for papillary carcinoma (PTC), now over 80% of cases. For follicular and medullar cancers, the incidence has not increased and for anaplastic carcinoma there is a slight decrease. Women over 40 years of age constitute the highest risk group. Conclusions. There are a number of reasons for these trends, such as improved diagnostic techniques using ultrasound and FNAB and more radical surgery. There are also dietary/environmental factors (iodine deficiency and to a lesser extent selenium), nitrates, polychlorinated biphenyls, increased ionizing radiation, and prolonged increase in TSH. The prognosis of patients with DTC depends on the age at the time of diagnosis. A favorable prognosis also depends on timely detection.

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Risk Factors for Recurrence to the Lymph Node in Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma Patients without Preoperatively Detectable Lateral Node Metastasis: Validity of Prophylactic Modified Radical Neck Dissection

Abstract: Prophylactic MND is recommended for cases of papillary carcinoma demonstrating two or more of the following four characteristics; male gender, age 55 years or older, maximal tumor diameter larger than 3 cm, and massive extrathyroid extension.

Cited by 222 publications

References 43 publications

Thyroid papillary microcarcinoma: a descriptive and meta-analysis study

Thyroid papillary microcarcinoma: a descriptive and meta-analysis study

Prediction of central lymph node metastasis in 392 patients with cervical lymph node-negative papillary thyroid carcinoma in Eastern China

The epidemiology of thyroid cancer in the Czech Republic in comparison with other countries

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