Risk factors associated with Toxoplasma gondii infection in dairy cattle, state of Rio de Janeiro

Albuquerque, George Rêgo; Munhoz, Alexandre Dias; Teixeira, Marcel; Flausino, Walter; Medeiros, Simoni Machado de; Lopes, Carlos Wilson Gomes

doi:10.1590/s0100-736x2011000400003

Cited by 22 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…These results are consistent with the findings of Albuquerque et al (2011) and Fajardo et al (2013), who also identified the risk of infection by T. gondii associated with the number of cats. Even with the adoption of population control measures by the Administration of the State District of Fernando de Noronha, such as a cat neutering program, the number of feral cats on the island has grown in recent years.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Risk factors for Toxoplasma gondii infection in sheep and cattle from Fernando de Noronha Island, Brazil

Magalhães¹,

Ribeiro-Andrade

Alcântara

et al. 2016

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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Toxoplasmosis is a zoonotic disease of global distribution that affects all warm-blooded animals. The purpose of this investigation was to determine the prevalence of T. gondii infection and identify the risk factors associated with its occurrence in domestic ruminants raised on the island of Fernando de Noronha, Brazil, and to confirm that cattle and sheep raised in Fernando de Noronha Island present statistically different T. gondii prevalence rates. Serum samples were collected from sheep (n=240) and cattle (n=140) for the detection of antibodies by indirect immunofluorescence. Samples were collected from all the animals on all the farms. Risk factors were analyzed by univariate analysis and logistic regression. The prevalence rate of positive sheep was 85.0% while that of cattle was 10.7%. A multivariate analysis revealed that the site of contact of sheep with felines was a risk factor. For cattle, the risk factors identified in this study were: extensive farming system, water source, more than three cats per farm, and the presence of rats in feed storage locations. The findings revealed a significant difference in the prevalence rates in sheep and cattle raised in this insular environment.Keywords: Ruminants, toxoplasmosis, epidemiology. ResumoA toxoplasmose é uma zoonose cosmopolita que acomete animais de sangue quente. Objetivou-se nessa investigação determinar a prevalência e identificar os fatores de risco associados à ocorrência da infecção por T. gondii em ruminantes domésticos criados na Ilha de Fernando de Noronha e demonstrar que bovinos e ovinos criados na ilha de Fernando de Noronha, Brasil, apresentam prevalências estatisticamente distintas. Foram obtidas amostras de soro sanguíneo de todos os ovinos (n=240) e bovinos (n=140) de todas as propriedades da ilha para a pesquisa de anticorpos na Reação de Imunofluorescência Indireta. Os fatores de risco foram analisados por meio da análise univariada e regressão logística. A prevalência de ovinos reagentes foi de 85,0% e 10,7% para bovinos, que foram significativamente diferentes. Na análise multivariada, local de contato de ovinos com outras espécies foi identificado como fator de risco. Para os bovinos, os fatores de risco foram: sistema extensivo, fonte de água, número de gatos nas propriedades e a presença de rato. Os resultados obtidos demonstram diferença significativa nas prevalências em ovinos e bovinos criados neste ambiente insular.Palavras-chave: Ruminantes, toxoplasmose, epidemiologia.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Risk factors for Toxoplasma gondii infection in sheep and cattle from Fernando de Noronha Island, Brazil

Magalhães¹,

Ribeiro-Andrade

Alcântara

et al. 2016

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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“…Seroprevalence was significantly higher in farms where cats had access to the water and feed of the livestock. A significant increase in seroprevalence in cattle due to the presence of stray cats in the vicinity was also reported more recently in Malaysia and Brazil [22,40]. In the present study, the lack of association between seroprevalence and herd size suggests an absence of horizontal transmission between animals.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Seroprevalence and risk factors for toxoplasmosis in large ruminants in northern Punjab, Pakistan

Ahmad

Qayyum

2014

J Infect Dev Ctries

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Introduction: Toxoplasmosis is a widespread zoonosis that causes significant economic losses due to abortions and other developmental disabilities in livestock animals. The objectives of the current study were to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of Toxoplasma gondii infection in cattle and buffaloes in northern parts of Punjab, Pakistan, where no such work previously existed. Methodology:Serum samples obtained from 400 cattle and 422 buffaloes present on different private and government-owned farms were tested for anti-Toxoplasma IgG and anti-Toxoplasma IgM antibodies by using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Additional data, including water sources, hygienic status at the farm, management practices, size of the herd, and presence of cats in the vicinity of the farm were obtained using a questionnaire in surveys and interviews. Results: The overall prevalence of infection was 19.75% (79/400) in cattle and 15.16% (64/422) in buffaloes. IgG antibodies were found in 75 (18.75%) cattle and 58 (13.74%) buffaloes, while IgM antibodies were found in 9 (2.25%) cattle and 10 (2.37%) buffaloes. Seroprevalence was significantly higher in females and older animals of both species. Seroprevalence was found to be associated with poor hygienic conditions, extensive management practices, and presence of cats in the surrounding areas. No difference of seroprevalence was observed with respect to different breeds, location, water source, and herd size. Conclusion: The present study found that T. gondii is prevalent in large ruminants in northern Punjab, and may have important implications for the livestock industry and public health.

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“…In the present work, the semi-intensive management system was identified as a risk factor, as also found by Albuquerque et al (2011) for cattle. This can be explained by the greater chances of contact with oocysts in the environment when this system is used, probably due to the fact that such contacts are favored both in the confinement and in the extensive management system.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 71%

Risk factors for Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum seropositivity in buffaloes in Paraiba State, Brazil

Brasil

Parentoni

Feitosa

et al. 2015

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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The aims of this survey were to determine the frequency of anti-Toxoplasma gondii and anti-Neospora caninum antibodies and to identify the risk factors associated with seropositivity among buffaloes in the state of Paraíba, Brazil. This survey included 136 buffaloes belonging to 14 herds. To detect anti-T. gondii and anti-N. caninum antibodies, the indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT) was used. Among the 136 samples analyzed, 17 (12.5%) were positive for anti-T. gondii antibodies with titers ranging from 64 to 1,024, and 26 (19.1%) for anti-N. caninum with titers from 200 to 1,600. Animals seropositive for both T. gondii and N. caninum were found in 10 of the 14 herds (71.4%). Semi-intensive management systems (odds ratio = 2.99) and presence of pigs (odds ratio = 4.33) were identified as risk factors for T. gondii and N. caninum, respectively. It can be suggested that T. gondii and N. caninum are widespread in buffaloes in Paraíba, and that additional surveys are needed in order to ascertain the importance of these agents for this species and for pigs, and the influence of the farming type on occurrences of seropositive animals.Keywords: Toxoplasmosis, neosporosis, bubaline, seroepidemiology, control. ResumoOs objetivos deste trabalho foram determinar a frequência de anticorpos anti-Toxoplasma gondii e anti-Neospora caninum e identificar os fatores de risco associados com as soropositividades em búfalos do Estado da Paraíba, Brasil. Foram utilizados 136 búfalos oriundos de 14 propriedades. Para a detecção de anticorpos anti-T. gondii e anti-N. caninum, foi empregada a reação de imunofluorescência indireta (RIFI). Das 136 amostras analisadas, 17 (12,5%) foram positivas para anticorpos anti-T. gondii, com títulos variando de 64 a 1.024; e 26 (19,1%) para anticorpos anti-N. caninum, com títulos de 200 a 1.600. Das 14 propriedades, em 10 (71,4%) houve animais soropositivos tanto para T. gondii como para N. caninum. O manejo semi-intensivo (odds ratio = 2,99) e a presença de suínos (odds ratio = 4,33) foram identificados como fatores de risco para T. gondii e N. caninum, respectivamente. Sugere-se que T. gondii e N. caninum estão disseminados em búfalos do Estado da Paraíba, bem como a necessidade de mais estudos acerca da importância desses agentes nessa espécie e em suínos, e da influência do tipo de criação na ocorrência de animais soropositivos.

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Risk factors associated with Toxoplasma gondii infection in dairy cattle, state of Rio de Janeiro

Cited by 22 publications

References 24 publications

Risk factors for Toxoplasma gondii infection in sheep and cattle from Fernando de Noronha Island, Brazil

Risk factors for Toxoplasma gondii infection in sheep and cattle from Fernando de Noronha Island, Brazil

Seroprevalence and risk factors for toxoplasmosis in large ruminants in northern Punjab, Pakistan

Risk factors for Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum seropositivity in buffaloes in Paraiba State, Brazil

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