Risk Factors Associated With Temporary Catheter-Related Infection in Patients on Dialysis Treatment

Abstract

ABSTRACT:This study aims to identify risk factors associated with temporary hemodialysis catheter-related infection, in patients on dialysis treatment in a teaching hospital. This is a prospective study performed from November of 2012 to May of 2013, with 129 patients. Sociodemographic, clinical and biochemical data were collected from patient charts. In patients with a catheter,, 48.8% had catheter-related infection, 65% were male, 65% were 60 years of age or older, 85.3% had the catheter because they were diagnosed with acute renal failure, and 88% were hospitalized in an intensive care unit. There was a significant correlation between the independent variables and the outcome of infection. The risk factors associated with temporary hemodialysis catheter-related infection were: length of time of catheter use, the change of device, death, and complications during a hemodialysis session. DESCRIPTORS:Risk factors. Catheter-related infections. Renal insufficiency. Renal dialysis. FATORES DE RISCO ASSOCIADOS À INFECÇÃO DE CATETER PROVISÓRIO EM PACIENTES SOB TRATAMENTO DIALÍTICORESUMO: Este estudo objetivou identificar os fatores de risco associados à infecção de cateter provisório para hemodiálise em pacientes em tratamento dialítico em um hospital escola. Trata-se de um estudo prospectivo, realizado no período de novembro de 2012 a maio de 2013, com 129 pacientes. Os dados sóciodemograficos, clínicos e bioquímicos dos participantes foram coletados dos prontuários. Entre os pacientes que foram submetidos à implantação do cateter, 48,8% apresentaram infecção relacionada ao cateter, 65% eram do sexo masculino, 65% possuíam idade igual ou superior a 60 anos, 85,3% utilizaram o cateter por terem sido diagnosticados com insuficiência renal aguda e 88% foram internados em unidade de terapia intensiva. Houve correlação significativa entre as variáveis independentes e o desfecho infecção. Os fatores de risco que se associaram à infecção relacionada à implantação do dispositivo foram: tempo de permanência do cateter, troca do dispositivo, óbito e intercorrências durante a sessão de hemodiálise. DESCRITORES: FACTORES DE RIESGO ASOCIADOS A LA INFECCIÓN DE CATÉTER PROVISORIO EN PACIENTES EN TRATAMIENTO DIALÍTICO RESUMEN:Este estudio tuvo como objetivo identificar los factores de riesgo asociados a la infección de catéter provisorio para hemodiálisis en pacientes en tratamiento dialítico en un hospital escuela. Se trata de un estudio prospectivo, realizado en el período entre noviembre de 2012 y mayo de 2013, con 129 pacientes. Fueron colectados: registros sociodemográficos, clínicos y bioquímicos de los participantes se obtuvieron de los registros médicos. Entre los pacientes que fueron sometidos a la implantación del catéter, el 48,8% presentaron infección relacionada con catéter, el 65% eran del sexo masculino, el 65% tenían edad igual a 60 años o más, el 85,3% utilizaron el catéter porque hubieran sido diagnosticados con insuficiencia renal aguda y el 88% fueron hospitalizados en la unidad de terapia intensiva. Hubo correl...

Central venous catheter for hemodialysis: incidence of infection and risk factors

“…The mean duration of catheterization was 8.53 (± 4.97) days and 75% of the patients who developed infection remained with the catheter for more than 7 days. In the present study, the mean duration of catheterization was not related to the occurrence of the outcome, but other studies in the literature present a higher mean duration (8) . The short-term hemodialysis catheter should only be used in emergency situations in hospitalized patients and should remain for up to seven days, according to the recommendations of the Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative (16) .…”

“…The latter characteristic showed an increased risk of infection. The other characteristics did not present a significant relationship with the occurrence of the outcome, as in other studies found in the literature (4,8,10) . Smoking and alcohol consumption were also reported by patients who developed infection, and those who consumed alcohol had a higher risk of infection than the others.…”

“…Several factors may lead to these infections, such as the presence of comorbidities, inadequate nutrition and uremia, duration of catheterization, insertion site, and manipulation of the catheter by the health professionals in charge of the hemodialysis (5)(6)(7)(8) . Another factor that may also contribute to the development of infection is not following aseptic techniques during the insertion of the catheter, therefore, strictly following the international recommendations for skin preparation, hand hygiene, maximal sterile barrier precautions and proper choice of insertion site is necessary.…”

Factors associated with nosocomial infection in the elderly in the Intensive Care Unit

“…Elderly patients with acute renal failure and chronic renal failure, are more likely to purchase catheters infections due to access to dialysis procedures [9,10].…”

Perfil de enfermeiros gestores do serviço de hemodiálise de instituição privada da região norte

“…Complicações de cateter e outras relacionadas a inadequada orientação e manejo do paciente na hemodiálise são responsáveis por elevado número de morbimortalidade e dispêndio de recursos públicos que poderiam ser evitados (Borges;Bedendo, 2015). Research, Society andDevelopment, v. 9, n. 10, e8429109003, 2020 (CC BY 4.0) | ISSN 2525-3409 | DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i10.9003 Para Sousa et al (2013), os principais eventos adversos presentes em hemodiálise são: cateter obstruído, retirada acidental da agulha e coagulação do sistema extracorpóreo advindos respectivamente das condições do paciente, das condutas profissionais e organização do serviço.…”