Risk assessment for perioperative pressure injuries

Abstract

Objectives:to evaluate and classify patients according to the Risk Assessment Scale for Perioperative Pressure Injuries; verify the association between sociodemographic and clinical variables and the risk score; and identify the occurrence of pressure injuries due to surgical positioning. Method:observational, longitudinal, prospective and quantitative study carried out in a teaching hospital with 278 patients submitted to elective surgeries. A sociodemographic and clinical characterization questionnaire and the Risk Assessment Scale for Perioperative Pressure Injuries were used. Descriptive, bivariate and logistic regression analyses were applied. Results:the majority of patients (56.5%) presented a high risk for perioperative pressure injury. Female sex, elderly group, and altered body mass index values were statistically significant (p < 0.05) for a higher risk of pressure injuries. In 77% of the patients, there were perioperative pressure injuries. Conclusion:most of the participants presented a high risk for development of perioperative decubitus ulcers. The female sex, elderly group, and altered body mass index were significant factors for increased risk. The Risk Assessment Scale for Perioperative Pressure Injuries allows the early identification of risk of injury, subsidizing the adoption of preventive strategies to ensure the quality of perioperative care.

Risk for surgical positioning injuries: scale validation in a rehabilitation hospital

“…Despite technological advances, they are still a challenge for clinical practice. The adoption of adequate protective measures is compromised by the difficulty that the surgery team has in the early assessment of risk in surgical patients (4) .…”

Lesão por pressão decorrente do posicionamento cirúrgico e fatores associados

“…As doenças mais frequentes neste estudo foram HAS e DM, as quais também estavam presentes nos resultados de diferentes estudos realizados com paciente cirúrgico, contribuindo para o aumento do risco ou da incidência deste tipo de lesão. (6,9,(17)(18)(19)(20) Em revisão integrativa, os dados demostraram relação entre composição corporal e a ocorrência co. As superfícies de suporte são artefatos para distribuir pressão, controlar cisalhamento ou forças de fricção sobre o tecido e manter microclima ou outras funções terapêuticas. (11,26) Os autores de revisão integrativa identificaram lacunas no conhecimento sobre as superfícies de suporte mais efetivas para evitar LPP decorrente do posicionamento cirúrgico e incidência maior destas lesões em pacientes que não utilizaram superfície de suporte e menor em pacientes que usaram poliuretano ou colchões de ar.…”

“…(2) Estudos descrevem diferentes índices de ocorrência de lesão por pressão decorrente do posicionamento cirúrgico, 13% nos Estados Unidos (3) e no Brasil variando com 10,1%, (4) 21,7% (5) e 77%. (6) O tratamento da LPP está associado aos altos custos. Em estudo brasileiro, os resultados demonstraram que quanto mais severa é a lesão, maior será o gasto com o tratamento, sendo o valor médio de US$11,9 nos estágios 2, 3, 4 e lesão não classificável.…”

An exploratory study of risk factors for pressure injury in patients undergoing spine surgery

“…The relatively high incidence of pressure injury reported so far indicates that risk assessment and the use of protective measures should be improved [ 7 ]. Additionally, the literature shows that approximately 95% of all pressure injuries in perioperative patients can be prevented with early risk assessment and appropriate interventions [ 8 ]. Therefore, it is important to particularly target reversible factors through prior risk assessment for the patient group with a high risk of pressure injury.…”