Risk assessment and disease prevention in travelers visiting friends and relatives

Angell, Sonia Y.; Behrens, Ron H

doi:10.1016/j.idc.2004.11.001

Cited by 83 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…VFR travelers also typically travel for longer durations (Chen et al 2009) and are more likely to visit only urban areas (Larocque et al 2012a). In previous surveys, VFR travelers have shown a lower overall mean knowledge of rabies, compared with persons traveling for other purposes of travel (Angell et al 2005, Altmann et al 2009). Furthermore, a recent review of travel-related human rabies cases found that 43% of these travelers were VFRs (Carrara et al 2013).…”

Section: Trip Durationmentioning

confidence: 91%

Pre-Exposure Rabies Vaccination among US International Travelers: Findings from the Global TravEpiNet Consortium

Dolan

Jentes²,

Sotir³

et al. 2014

Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases

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Background: People who travel to areas with high rabies endemicity and have animal contact are at increased risk for rabies exposure. We examined characteristics of international travelers queried regarding rabies vaccination during pretravel consultations at Global TravEpiNet (GTEN) practices during 2009-2010. Material and Methods: We performed bivariate and multivariable analyses of data collected from 18 GTEN clinics. Travel destinations were classified by strength level of rabies vaccination recommendation. Results: Of 13,235 travelers, 226 (2%) reported previous rabies vaccination, and 406 (3%) received rabies vaccine at the consultation. Common travel purposes for these 406 travelers were leisure (26%), research/education (17%), and nonmedical service work (14%). Excluding the 226 who were previously vaccinated, 8070 (62%) of 13,009 travelers intended to visit one or more countries with a strong recommendation for rabies vaccination; 1675 (21%) of these 8070 intended to travel for 1 month or more. Among these 1675 travelers, 145 (9%) were vaccinated, 498 (30%) declined vaccination, 832 (50%) had itineraries that clinicians determined did not indicate vaccination, and 200 (12%) remained unvaccinated for other reasons. In both bivariate and multivariate analyses, travelers with trip durations > 6 months versus 1-3 months (adjusted odds ratio [OR] = 4.9 [95% confidence interval [CI] 2.1, 11.4]) and those traveling for ''research/education'' or to ''provide medical care'' (adjusted OR = 5.1 [95% CI 1.9, 13.7] and 9.5 [95% CI 2.2, 40.8], respectively), compared with leisure travelers, were more likely to receive rabies vaccination. Conclusions: Few travelers at GTEN clinics received rabies vaccine, although many planned trips 1 month long or more to a strong-recommendation country. Clinicians often determined that vaccine was not indicated, and travelers often declined vaccine when it was offered. The decision to vaccinate should take into account the strength of the vaccine recommendation at the destination country, duration of stay, availability of postexposure prophylaxis, potential for exposure to animals, and likelihood of recurrent travel to high-risk destinations.

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Section: Trip Durationmentioning

confidence: 91%

Pre-Exposure Rabies Vaccination among US International Travelers: Findings from the Global TravEpiNet Consortium

Dolan

Jentes²,

Sotir³

et al. 2014

Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases

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“…35 Analysis of malaria imported into eight European countries from the Indian subcontinent, led to a consensus statement by the TropNet group recommending that non-selective prescription of prophylaxis for visitors to India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Sri Lanka should be dropped. 31 Travelers VFRs are at higher risk for acquisition of malaria compared to non-VFRs, [35][36][37][38] and according to GeoSentinel data that migrants VFRs were 4.5 times more likely to acquire malaria compared with tourist travelers, and this increase was even greater (8-fold) when travel destination was sub-Saharan Africa. 39 VFRs typically demonstrate travel and behavioural patterns which render them at high risk for malaria exposure.…”

Section: -31mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, VFRs may face difficulties in accessing health-care services due to economic, cultural, language, or legal issues. [35][36][37][38][39] Long-term travelers including expatriates are also at higher risk for acquisition of malaria due to longer exposure to areas where the disease is endemic and poor compliance to continuous malaria prophylaxis and personal protective measures. 23,40 Travel-medicine consultants should be familiar with malaria prophylaxis, and especially with their side effects and contra-indications.…”

Section: -31mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pre-Travel Vaccinations and Malaria Prophylaxis for International Travelers

Pavli¹,

Maltezou²

2017

Public Health Open J

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“…Weitere empfohlene Indikatoren wie Aufenthaltsdauer, Muttersprache, Ethnie und Angaben über regelmäßige Besuche von Familie und Freunden im Heimatland ("visiting friends and relatives" VFR) [2,20] werden in der infektionsepidemiologischen Surveillance derzeit nicht erhoben, obwohl Daten hierzu helfen könnten, vulnerable Gruppen genauer zu identifizieren und Präventionsange-bote kultursensibel und mehrsprachig zu gestalten.…”

Section: Indikatoren Zur Operationalisierung Des Migrationshintergrundesunclassified

Migrationshintergrund in der infektionsepidemiologischen Surveillance in Deutschland

Kuehne

Fiebig

Jansen

et al. 2015

Bundesgesundheitsbl.

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Risk assessment and disease prevention in travelers visiting friends and relatives

Cited by 83 publications

References 36 publications

Pre-Exposure Rabies Vaccination among US International Travelers: Findings from the Global TravEpiNet Consortium

Pre-Exposure Rabies Vaccination among US International Travelers: Findings from the Global TravEpiNet Consortium

Pre-Travel Vaccinations and Malaria Prophylaxis for International Travelers

Migrationshintergrund in der infektionsepidemiologischen Surveillance in Deutschland

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