“…For the first time in history, the federal government appropriated large sums of money for the support of science and its infrastructure. Federal grants, primarily from the NSF, funded mathematical projects from the mammoth classification of the finite simple groups in the 1980s, long under the direction of Daniel Gorenstein at Rutgers University [31], to the solution of the four-color problem in 1977 by Kenneth Appel and Wolfgang Haken, both then of the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign [3], [4], to the proof of Fermat's Last Theorem in 1995 by Princeton's Andrew Wiles [81], [72]. With this sort of support, however, came greater responsibilities.…”