Right tree, right place (urban canyon): Tree species selection approach for optimum urban heat mitigation - development and evaluation

Morakinyo, Tobi Eniolu; Ouyang, Wanlu; Lau, Kevin Ka-Lun; Ren, Chao; Ng, Edward

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137461

Cited by 158 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The shape, orientation, and location of buildings or building clusters should be designed to encourage the wind to penetrate cities, while maintaining wind comfort conditions at pedestrian levels. The wind cooling effect should be considered along with other elements, such as buildings geometry and the location of appropriate trees, that can improve the outdoor thermal comfort and habitability of cities by urban heat island mitigation (Adamek et al, 2017;Bajšanski et al, 2015;Tan et al, 2017;Milošević et al, 2017;Attia et al, 2019;Morakinyo et al, 2020). Therefore, these factors should be considered during the early design stages and urban redevelopment stages.…”

Section: Implications For the Practice And Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the wind cooling potential on outdoor thermal comfort in selected Iranian climate types

Roshan

Moghbel

Attia

2020

Journal of Thermal Biology

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Wind is one of the main factors affecting people's outdoor thermal sensation. Ongoing urbanization and urban densification are transforming the urban climate and complicating the pedestrian-level wind environment. Therefore, the main aim of this research is to evaluate the potential wind-cooling effect on human outdoor thermal conditions. Accordingly, the current research attempts determine the best wind directions for thermal comfort at the studied stations and how these factors will be changed under the effects of global warming. Outdoor thermal conditions were modeled based on the physiologically equivalent temperature (PET) thermal index using RayMan software for the decades of the 2000s and the 2040s in different climate types of Iran (Csb, BWh, Csa, and BSh) To estimate the potential cooling effect of wind, the PET was calculated (1) under actual wind conditions, and (2) under calm wind (0.05 m/s) conditions. Then, the ΔPET for these two conditions, which indicates the cooling potential effect (CPE) of the wind, was calculated for four representative stations (Ardebil, Bandar Abbas, Gorgan, and Shiraz). In comparison with the 2000s, the results indicated that by the 2040s, the predicted wind cooling potential will have increased in Ardebil, Shiraz, Bandar Abbas and Gorgan (CPE of 13.2 • C, 13.1 • C, 11.2 • C, and 11 • C, respectively). Based on the overall average of two climate change scenarios (A2 and B1) used in this study, the occurrence of "comfortable" conditions by the 2040s will have increased in Bandar Abbas, Shiraz, and Ardebil by 1.1%, 0.4%, and 0.3%, respectively, while it will have decreased in Gorgan by 1.5%. Accounting for the cooling effect of wind, the comfort cooling potential of wind is predicted to rise by an average of 1.6 • C in the 2040s compared with the 2000s in all the studied stations. Therefore, this will affect the microclimates positively and could reduce the urban heat island effects.

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Section: Implications For the Practice And Future Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluating the wind cooling potential on outdoor thermal comfort in selected Iranian climate types

Roshan

Moghbel

Attia

2020

Journal of Thermal Biology

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“…A dense crown can be a problem due to heat retention at night [ 163 ]. In summer, however, and during extreme heat, trees play an essential role in mitigating the effect of the UHI [ 184 ]. The potential of a given species may remain unused if the tree is planted in the wrong place.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The accuracy of tree location in an urban canyon seems to be as crucial as the morphological characteristics of the tree species. For example, trees with high LAI will be used most optimally when they are placed in open areas (squares or regions with low SVF) [ 184 , 185 ]. The planting patterns should also include a gap allowing ventilation of the system and the escape of long-wave radiation from under the crowns [ 166 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Statistical Review of Quality Parameters of Blue-Green Infrastructure Elements Important in Mitigating the Effect of the Urban Heat Island in the Temperate Climate (C) Zone

Antoszewski

Świerk

Krzyżaniak

2020

IJERPH

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Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect relates to the occurrence of a positive heat balance, compared to suburban and extra-urban areas in a high degree of urbanized cities. It is necessary to develop effective UHI prevention and mitigation strategies, one of which is blue-green infrastructure (BGI). Most research work comparing impact of BGI parameters on UHI mitigation is based on data measured in different climate zones. This makes the implication of nature-based solutions difficult in cities with different climate zones due to the differences in the vegetation time of plants. The aim of our research was to select the most statistically significant quality parameters of BGI elements in terms of preventing UHI. The normative four-step data delimitation procedure in systematic reviews related to UHI literature was used, and temperate climate (C) zone was determined as the UHI crisis area. As a result of delimitation, 173 publications qualified for literature review were obtained (488 rejected). We prepared a detailed literature data analysis and the CVA model—a canonical variation of Fisher’s linear discriminant analysis (LDA). Our research has indicated that the BGI object parameters are essential for UHI mitigation, which are the following: area of water objects and green areas, street greenery leaf size (LAI), green roofs hydration degree, and green walls location. Data obtained from the statistical analysis will be used to create the dynamic BGI modeling algorithm, which is the main goal of the series of articles in the future.

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“…Although arid and semi-arid cities do not produce significant daytime urban heat island effects, GI cooling effect can be indispensable during summer when these cities experience extreme heat (Fathi et al, 2019; Haashemi et al, 2016; Manoli et al, 2019; Martilli et al, 2020). To cool the priority neighbourhoods in D6 and D22 during warm seasons, suitable trees and vegetation cover can be selected following each LCZ requirements and characteristics as well as urban morphology (Morakinyo et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Priority Areas for Developing Green Infrastructure in Semi-arid Cities: A Case Study of Tehran

Jamali

Khaledi

Razavian

2021

Environment and Urbanization ASIA

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Urban green infrastructure (GI) approach supports building resilience, mitigating greenhouse gases emissions and adapting to the impacts of climate change. However, the development and maintenance of GI in semi-arid cities can be hindered by limitations such as available water resources. In this article, we study priority areas for GI development schemes at the neighbourhood scale through a seasonal vulnerability framework with the case study of two urban districts in the semi-arid city of Tehran, Iran. Heat mitigation and stormwater runoff control are considered as the main objectives of GI development. The results show that priority areas have high levels of land surface temperature, impervious surfaces and population density, with a low proportion of vegetation land cover. The necessary GI services vary in different local climate zones (LCZ) during the year. Although heat mitigation is required in both compact and open LCZs, the runoff control service of GI is also needed for neighbourhoods with compact midrise settings. To promote sustainability at the neighbourhood scale, the findings of the study can be used for initiating nature-based solutions and GI development projects.

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Right tree, right place (urban canyon): Tree species selection approach for optimum urban heat mitigation - development and evaluation

Cited by 158 publications

References 36 publications

Evaluating the wind cooling potential on outdoor thermal comfort in selected Iranian climate types

Evaluating the wind cooling potential on outdoor thermal comfort in selected Iranian climate types

Statistical Review of Quality Parameters of Blue-Green Infrastructure Elements Important in Mitigating the Effect of the Urban Heat Island in the Temperate Climate (C) Zone

Priority Areas for Developing Green Infrastructure in Semi-arid Cities: A Case Study of Tehran

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