Rifaximin modulates the colonic microbiota of patients with Crohn's disease: an in vitro approach using a continuous culture colonic model system

Abstract

We demonstrated that rifaximin, while not altering the overall structure of the human colonic microbiota, increased bifidobacteria and led to variation of metabolic profiles associated with potential beneficial effects on the host.

Rifaximin preserves intestinal microbiota balance in patients undergoing allogeneic stem cell transplantation

“…It was even shown to increase the fraction of potentially protective bacteria such as various species of the genera Bifidobacterium and Atopobium of the class Actinobacteria and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii of the Clostridium cluster IV. 11 Further, rifaximin promotes the production of short-chain fatty acids, which are capable of inducing regulatory T cells. 11 In addition, it modulates intestinal inflammation by reducing the expression of bacterial virulence factors, adhesion and epithelial internalization of pathogens and inflammatory cytokine production.…”

“…11 Further, rifaximin promotes the production of short-chain fatty acids, which are capable of inducing regulatory T cells. 11 In addition, it modulates intestinal inflammation by reducing the expression of bacterial virulence factors, adhesion and epithelial internalization of pathogens and inflammatory cytokine production. [21][22][23] It has been reported that rifaximin is able to modulate intestinal Figure 3.…”

“…10 Recently, rifaximin has been shown to maintain commensal microbiota and to exert anti-inflammatory activities. 11 Based on these first positive reports, we switched our antibacterial strategy from ciprofloxacin/metronidazole to rifaximin in 2012.…”

Management of Covert Hepatic Encephalopathy

“…40,41 Concentrated in the gut, rifaximin is presumed to modulate intestinal bacteria, thereby reducing intestinal ammonia and toxin formation. 42 In a recent open labeled trial, Bajaj et al performed a systems biologic analysis of the microbiome and evaluated cognitive changes after treatment with rifaximin (550 mg bid) in 20 cirrhotic patients diagnosed with MHE. Therapy was associated with improved cognitive function and reduced endotoxemia.…”

Rifaximin Re-treatment in Patients with Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Feels Like the First Time?

“…Several studies have demonstrated the positive effects of rifaximin on the composition of the gut microbial community, and in particular the increase in the abundance of bacteria associated with health such as Bifidobacterium, F. prausnitzii, and Lactibacillus, in the absence of significant alterations of the overall composition, lasting up to 1 month after treatment completion [4][5][6].…”