Rickettsiales

Waner, Trevor; Mahan, Suman M.; Kelly, Patrick J.; Harrus, Shimon

doi:10.1002/9780470958209.ch31

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 196 publications

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“…Phylotypes of Enterobacteriales, Lactobacillales, Bacillales, Saccharomycetales , and Mucorales both predominated the whole MTSSF and LTSSF processes, these members possessed a remarkable capacity to adapt to a wide range of temperatures and moisture levels and were widespread in various Daqu starters and other high-temperature ecosystems ( Mouchacca, 2007 ; Adams et al, 2010 ; Wang and Xu, 2015 ). However, groups of Rickettsiales and Streptophyta only dominated the mesophilic stages, these groups were reported as obligate endosymbionts, and low water availability and high temperature could have a deleterious effect on these communities ( Botella et al, 2010 ; Warner et al, 2010 ). Meanwhile, thermophilic Eurotiales first became prominent order on day 10 and dominated until the end of MTSSF and LTSSF processes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Factors Affecting Microbiota Dynamics during Traditional Solid-state Fermentation of Chinese Daqu Starter

et al. 2016

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In this study, we investigated the microbiota dynamics during two industrial-scale traditional solid-state fermentation (SSF) processes of Daqu starters. Similar evolution profiles of environmental parameters, enzymatic activities, microbial amounts, and communities were observed during the medium temperature SSF (MTSSF) and low temperature SSF (LTSSF) processes. Orders of Rickettsiales and Streptophyta only dominated the initial 2 days, and Eurotiales only predominated from days 10 to 24, however, phylotypes of Enterobacteriales, Lactobacillales, Bacillales, Saccharomycetales, and Mucorales both prevailed throughout the MTSSF and LTSSF processes. Nevertheless, the pH in MTSSF process on day 5 were 5.28, while in LTSSF process (4.87) significantly lower (P < 0.05). The glucoamylase activities in MTSSF process dropped from 902.71 to 394.33 mg glucose g-1 h-1 on days 5 to 24, while significantly lower (P < 0.05) in LTSSF process and decreased from 512.25 to 268.69 mg glucose g-1 h-1. The relative abundance of Enterobacteriales and Lactobacillales in MTSSF process constituted from 10.30 to 71.73% and 2.34 to 16.68%, while in LTSSF process ranged from 3.16 to 41.06% and 8.43 to 57.39%, respectively. The relative abundance of Eurotiales in MTSSF process on days 10 to 24 decreased from 36.10 to 28.63%, while obviously higher in LTSSF process and increased from 52.00 to 72.97%. Furthermore, lower bacterial richness but higher fungal richness were displayed, markedly differences in bacterial communities but highly similarities in fungal communities were exhibited, during MTSSF process comparatively to the LTSSF process. Canonical correspondence analysis revealed microbial structure transition happened at thermophilic stages under environmental stress of moisture, pH, acidity, and pile temperature. These profound understanding might help to effectively control the traditional Daqu SSF process by adjusting relevant environmental parameters.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Environmental Factors Affecting Microbiota Dynamics during Traditional Solid-state Fermentation of Chinese Daqu Starter

et al. 2016

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“…The average age did not differ significantly by sex (males 4.34 ± 3.27 years; females 4.10 ± 2.59 years) ( p = 0.6345). Other dog variables were previously presented [ 19 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Consequently, anaemia is produced by the lysis of erythrocytes, which are destroyed by the exit of the parasites but also favour their development by increasing erythrocyte fragility and erythrophagocytosis [ 17 ]. In anaplasmosis, the microorganism, once located within the bloodstream, seeks out white blood cells and enters via endocytosis [ 18 , 19 ], forming vacuoles, where it multiplies by binary fission to form up to eight organisms; these leave the erythrocyte by exocytosis and infect the surrounding erythrocytes [ 20 ], which implies that there is no destruction of the infected red blood cells and therefore there is no severe anaemia as in other hemoparasitoses. However, despite the above, not many studies indicate the frequency of those alterations, such as thrombocytopenia, anaemia, leukocytosis, and leukopenia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Haematological Alterations Associated with Selected Vector-Borne Infections and Exposure in Dogs from Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia

Bonilla-Aldana

Gutiérrez-Grajales²,

Osorio-Navia

et al. 2022

Animals

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Infections due to Ehrlichia, Anaplasma, Dirofilaria, Mycoplasma, Babesia and Hepatozoon continue to be highly prevalent in dogs, especially in tropical and subtropical areas, where vectors of many of them are present. However, many clinical aspects of dogs have not been characterized in detail, including assessing the haematological alterations associated with them, particularly in Colombia and Latin America. A group of 100 dogs with Ehrlichia, Anaplasma, Dirofilaria, Mycoplasma, Babesia and Hepatozoon infections/exposure were assessed by blood smear serology (SNAP4DX) and PCR in Pereira, Colombia. We performed blood counts to evaluate anaemia, leukopenia/leukocytosis, neutropenia, neutrophilia, lymphopenia/lymphocytosis, monocytosis, eosinophilia, and thrombocytopenia, among other alterations. Bivariate analyses were performed on Stata®14, with significant p < 0.05. From the total, 85% presented ≥1 infection (past or present), 66% with coinfections (≥2 pathogens) (Ehrlichia 75%), and 89% presented clinical alterations. A total of 100% showed anaemia, 70% thrombocytopenia, 61% monocytosis, and 47% neutropenia, among other alterations. Additionally, 11% presented pancytopenia and 59% bicytopenia. The median platelet count was lower in infected dogs (126,000 cells/μL) versus non-infected (221,000 cells/μL) (p = 0.003). Thrombocytopenia was higher among infected dogs (75%) versus non-infected (40%) (p = 0.006), with a 91% positive predictive value for infection. Median neutrophil count was lower in infected dogs (6591 cells/μL) versus non-infected (8804 cells/μL) (p = 0.013). Lymphocytosis occurred only among those infected (27%) (p = 0.022). Leukopenia was only observed among infected dogs (13%). Pancytopenia was only observed among infected dogs. Ehrlichiosis and other hematic infections have led to a significant burden of haematological alterations on infected dogs, including pancytopenia in a tenth of them, most with thrombocytopenia and all anemic.

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“…Human granulocytic anaplasmosis is caused by Anaplasma phagocytophilum and transmitted by ticks H. concinna , H. punctata , I. ricinus , I. pacificus , I. scapularis and R. bursa in Europe and North America. Human fatalities occur in <1% of cases associated with opportunistic infections, after clinical evidences of fever, headache, lethargy, myalgia, elevated liver function enzymes and reduced platelets [ 55 ].…”

Section: Tick-borne Rickettisaementioning

confidence: 99%

Tick-borne infections in human and animal population worldwide

Brites-Neto¹,

2015

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The abundance and activity of ectoparasites and its hosts are affected by various abiotic factors, such as climate and other organisms (predators, pathogens and competitors) presenting thus multiples forms of association (obligate to facultative, permanent to intermittent and superficial to subcutaneous) developed during long co-evolving processes. Ticks are ectoparasites widespread globally and its eco epidemiology are closely related to the environmental conditions. They are obligatory hematophagous ectoparasites and responsible as vectors or reservoirs at the transmission of pathogenic fungi, protozoa, viruses, rickettsia and others bacteria during their feeding process on the hosts. Ticks constitute the second vector group that transmit the major number of pathogens to humans and play a role primary for animals in the process of diseases transmission. Many studies on bioecology of ticks, considering the information related to their population dynamics, to the host and the environment, comes possible the application and efficiency of tick control measures in the prevention programs of vector-borne diseases. In this review were considered some taxonomic, morphological, epidemiological and clinical fundamental aspects related to the tick-borne infections that affect human and animal populations.

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Rickettsiales

Cited by 4 publications

References 196 publications

Environmental Factors Affecting Microbiota Dynamics during Traditional Solid-state Fermentation of Chinese Daqu Starter

Environmental Factors Affecting Microbiota Dynamics during Traditional Solid-state Fermentation of Chinese Daqu Starter

Haematological Alterations Associated with Selected Vector-Borne Infections and Exposure in Dogs from Pereira, Risaralda, Colombia

Tick-borne infections in human and animal population worldwide

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