Rice Expressing Lactoferrin and Lysozyme Has Antibiotic-Like Properties When Fed to Chicks

Abstract

Two experiments were conducted to determine whether rice that has been genetically produced to express human lactoferrin (LF) or lysozyme (LZ) protects the intestinal tract similarly to subtherapeutic antibiotics (bacitracin + roxarsone; Antibiotics). Experiment 1 compared 10 corn-soy diets containing 20% of various proportions of LF, LZ or conventional rice (CONV). Chicks fed 5% LF + 10% LZ + 5% CONV had significantly better feed efficiency and thinner lamina propria in the duodenum than those fed 20% CONV. Experiment 2 compared five corn-soy diets containing experimental rice combinations totaling 15% rice. Chicks fed 10% LZ + 5% CONV or 5% LF + 10% LZ had significantly lower feed intake and significantly better feed efficiency than those fed 15% CONV. Chicks fed 10% LZ + 5% CONV, 5% LF + 10% LZ or Antibiotics had significantly greater villous height in the duodenum compared with chicks fed 15% CONV. The lamina propria of the ileum was thinner and contained fewer leukocytes in chicks fed 10% LZ + 5% CONV or Antibiotics compared with those fed 15% CONV. The results from these experiments demonstrate a potential of genetically produced LF and LZ rice to be used as a substitute for antibiotics in broiler diets.

Aptamer-Based Electrochemical Sensing of Lysozyme

“…Residual levels of 0.06-327 mg/L were found in lysozyme-treated wines [22,23], while in commercial cheeses, concentrations of 30.8-386.2 mg/kg were found to be present [24]. Lysozyme has also been used as an antibacterial agent during beer production [25], to extend the shelf-life of meat [26] and shrimp [27], as an alternative to antibiotics [28,29] in veterinary medicine or as anti-inflammatory drug in the treatment of wounds and infections [4,30].…”

Essential Oils as a Feed Additive in Poultry Nutrition

“…Hence the need of the hour is to find an alternative to antibiotics. Therefore, search for antibiotic alternatives have already been undergoing to control the enteric diseases Ayed et al, 2004) which is encouraged by the World Health Organization (Humphrey et al, 2002). The quest for the alternatives to antibiotics has been tried by many scientists like Langhout, (2000) ;Mellor, (2000) ;Wenk, (2000) and Humphrey et al, (2002).…”

“…Therefore, search for antibiotic alternatives have already been undergoing to control the enteric diseases Ayed et al, 2004) which is encouraged by the World Health Organization (Humphrey et al, 2002). The quest for the alternatives to antibiotics has been tried by many scientists like Langhout, (2000) ;Mellor, (2000) ;Wenk, (2000) and Humphrey et al, (2002). Humphrey et al (2002) found that lactoferrin and lysozyme are having the antibacterial activity and can be used as an alternative to antibiotics in chickens as feed additive.…”

Use of an antibiotic growth promoter and two herbal natural feed additives with and without exogenous enzymes in wheat based broiler diets

“…However, concern has been expressed about the potential development of antibiotic resistant bacteria. Consequently, the animal feed industry, exposed to increasing consumer pressure to reduce the use of AGPs in poultry diets, has to find alternative feed additives (Humphrey et al, 2002;Botsoglou et al, 2004). Herbs could be used as alternatives to AGPs in poultry nutrition due to their antimicrobial properties.…”