Revisiting combination rules for estimating extremes of linearly combined correlated wind load effects

Chen, Xinzhong

doi:10.1016/j.jweia.2015.02.002

Cited by 13 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(31 reference statements)

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“…If the mean values of R 1 (t) and R 2 (t) are both zero, the combination coefficient is equal to ρ 12 , and the combination coefficient under this specific condition is identical to the combination coefficient proposed by CHEN [4].…”

Section: Tr1 Combination Rule and Simplified Combination Coefficientsmentioning

confidence: 70%

“…The CQC rule is based on the reliability theory, which is the statistical average of considerable samples. The accuracy is high when there are many samples, but the error may be large for a specific single sample [4]. The CQC rule is applied in the AS/NZS 1170.2:2011 wind load standard [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When one of the load effect component amplitudes is significantly larger than other components, the TR1 and TR2 rules are more accurate. CHEN and GONG [4,19,20] studied the combination rules of wind load effects, and the results showed that when the effect components are strongly correlated or have large amplitude differences, and the effect components have non-zero mean values, the TR1 and TR2 rules are more accurate, but when the effect components are partially correlated or uncorrelated, the TR1 and TR2 rules will underestimate the combination extreme.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Component Combination Rules of Wind Load Effects of Building Structures

Guan

Tian

2020

Applied Sciences

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Under the action of the same wind azimuth, the extreme values of the wind load effect components of building structures are generated in the along-wind, cross-wind, vertical, and torsional directions. In designing the wind-resistant structure, the extreme values of effect components need to be combined to determine the internal force envelope values of members. Complete quadratic combination (CQC) and Turkstra combination rules are often used to determine the combination value of extreme values of wind effect components. The extreme probability distribution expressions of the CQC, and the Turkstra and approximate rules, are derived. The simplified combination Equations and combination coefficients of the CQC and Turkstra approximate rules are proposed in this paper. We use the combination Equations and Monte Carlo simulation method to analyze the accuracy of Turkstra and its approximate rules. The results show that the combination extreme is associated with the correlation coefficients, mean values, ratios of standard deviations, and fluctuating extremes of effect components. The errors between Turkstra and its approximate rules are small when load effect components show a positive correlation. The errors are largest when the standard deviations of components are equal. Our research results provide a theoretical basis for the combination method of wind load effect components of building structures.

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Section: Tr1 Combination Rule and Simplified Combination Coefficientsmentioning

confidence: 70%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Component Combination Rules of Wind Load Effects of Building Structures

Guan

Tian

2020

Applied Sciences

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“…Intra-building aerodynamic correlation of LBs also warrants some attention because it is related to the combination of resultant directional wind-induced responses (Chen and Huang, 2009;Tamura et al, 2014;Chen, 2015) and the correlation may differ significantly from that for an isolated building. We will examine intra-building aerodynamic correlation and its effect on the resultant responses for α = 0 o in this section.…”

Section: Intra-building Aerodynamic Correlationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerodynamics of closely spaced buildings: With application to linked buildings

Song

Tse

Tamura

et al. 2016

Journal of Wind Engineering and Industrial Aerodynamics

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This paper investigates inter-building and intra-building aerodynamic correlations of linked buildings (LBs, i.e., adjacent tall buildings structurally connected by links such as skybridges, skypools and skygardens). Spatiotemporal wind pressure data on a typical LB setup with different gap distances are used to examine inter-building aerodynamic correlation, which is presented in terms of the correlation coefficients between local wind force components and between generalized force components of the two LBs. The along-wind inter-building correlation coefficient is found to decrease for wind direction α = 0 o and increase for α = 90 o with increasing gap distance, whereas variation of crosswind inter-building correlation is complicated. In addition, it is illustrated that the wind-induced response of the LBs usually relates positively to the correlation coefficient between the generalized force components of the two buildings in the associated unlinked case. Intra-building aerodynamic correlation of the LBs is examined using correlation coefficients and trajectories, and then compared with those of an isolated building. Results show that intra-building aerodynamic correlations differ considerably, especially between along-wind and torsional force components. However, although intra-building aerodynamic correlation is significant, its effect on the wind-induced responses of LBs is found to be relatively small. It may even be overshadowed by the effects of link-induced structural coupling.

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“…The combination coefficients of low, middle, and high buildings were proposed on the basis of the peak stress of columns under different loading conditions. Xinzhong Chen reviewed the Turkstra's rule and estimated the extreme values of linearly combined correlated wind load effects in accordance with the analytical formulation rather than the time history of wind‐induced responses; Xinzhong Chen evaluated the performance of Turkstra's combination rule to calculate the mean extremes of nonlinearly combined correlated responses. The results illustrate that Turkstra's rule can effectively estimate the nonlinearly combined responses, yet it is less accurate for linearly combined responses.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of tuned mass damper on correlation of wind‐induced responses and combination coefficients of equivalent static wind loads of high‐rise buildings

Wang

Garg

et al. 2019

Structural Design Tall Build

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Summary Tuned mass dampers (TMDs) are employed to control the wind‐induced responses of tall buildings. In the meantime, TMD may have an impact on the correlation of wind‐induced responses and combination coefficients of equivalent static wind loads (ESWLs). First, the mass matrix and stiffness matrix were extracted in this paper in accordance with the structural analysis model of two high‐rise buildings, and on that basis, the wind‐induced vibration responses analysis model with and without TMD was established. Second, the synchronous multipoint wind tunnel test to measure the pressure was performed for two high‐rise buildings, and the time history of wind‐induced vibration responses with and without TMD was studied. Finally, the impact of TMD on the correlation of wind‐induced responses and combination coefficients of ESWLs was discussed. The results of two examples suggest that after the installation of TMD, the increase of ρxy was 2.1% to 35.0% and ρyz was 2.8% to 45.6% at all wind directions for Building 1, and the increase of ρxy was 3.9% to 17.1% and ρyz was 6.8% to 38.3% for Building 2. The combination coefficients of ESWLs of two buildings were 3% to 6% larger than that of the original structure. The conclusion of this paper can be referenced by the wind resistant design of high‐rise buildings with TMD.

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Revisiting combination rules for estimating extremes of linearly combined correlated wind load effects

Cited by 13 publications

References 22 publications

Component Combination Rules of Wind Load Effects of Building Structures

Component Combination Rules of Wind Load Effects of Building Structures

Aerodynamics of closely spaced buildings: With application to linked buildings

Effects of tuned mass damper on correlation of wind‐induced responses and combination coefficients of equivalent static wind loads of high‐rise buildings

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