Revisiting cell–particle association in vitro: A quantitative method to compare particle performance

Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning Empower Advanced Biomedical Material Design to Toxicity Prediction

“…In addition, the MIRIBEL list can be used to generate quantifiable data from qualitative data, which additionally enhances the meaningfulness and robustness of the data. [64] The aforementioned problems of inhomogeneous or incomplete datasets and the harmonization of resulting datasets for risk assessment are also addressed by the EU US Roadmap Nanoinformatics 2030. [65] Furthermore, although many nanomaterials have been proposed as drug carriers and for targeted therapies, there are no protocols or standard probes for analyzing the toxicity data of the carrier material.…”

“…The third group (Figure 3, right panel) describes the details of the experiment performed, such as the dimensions of the cell culture, the dose administered, the image and signal details of the cells with and without NPs, and the details of the data analysis. [ 64 ] Differences in the three groups or the lack of information, even if insignificant, can lead to different results. An evaluation using ML methods is therefore extremely difficult due to the high variability of the information.…”

“…In addition, the MIRIBEL list can be used to generate quantifiable data from qualitative data, which additionally enhances the meaningfulness and robustness of the data. [ 64 ] The aforementioned problems of inhomogeneous or incomplete datasets and the harmonization of resulting datasets for risk assessment are also addressed by the EU US Roadmap Nanoinformatics 2030. [ 65 ]…”

Understanding nano-engineered particle–cell interactions: biological insights from mathematical models

“…The delivered dose is typically obtained from a mathematical model of particle transport. Notable dosimetry models that have been widely employed and validated 135 in nanotoxicology and bionanoscience include the "In vitro Sedimentation Diffusion Dosimetry (ISDD)" model 118 (and its extension, the ISD3 model 136 ), the "Distorted Grid" model 120 and the "Bionano Interaction Kinetics Estimator" (BIKE) model 55 . Importantly, the code for all of these models can be freely obtained and can be implemented in a straightforward manner.…”

“…Historically, in much of the literature, a strong distinction has not been made between the processes of cell membrane binding and particle internalisation. Instead, the number of "associated" particles is typically reported, which is a catch-all term for particles that are either bound strongly to the cell membrane or have been internalised 55 . For example, a common assumption is that particles bind to the cell membrane and are instantly internalised 118,136,138,140 , thereby avoiding the build-up of particles on the cell surface.…”