Review: Placental adaptations to the presence of maternal asthma during pregnancy

Meakin, Ashley S.; Saif, Zarqa; Jones, Abraham; Aviles, P.F. Valenzula; Clifton, Vicki L.

doi:10.1016/j.placenta.2017.01.123

Cited by 33 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 57 publications

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“…Sex differences in placental gene expression and regulation, including of the placental enzyme 11b-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase 2 (71,72) and placental GC receptor isoforms (73)(74)(75)(76), affect both the passage of active maternal GCs to the fetal compartment and the extent to which maternal GCs stimulate fetal GC production. These mechanisms lead to sex differences in fetal GC exposure and associated phenotypic alterations in the context of elevated maternal GCs (44,(71)(72)(73)(74)(75)(76)(77)(78). Sex differences in the timing and pattern of GC receptor expression in the developing fetal brain have also been observed and likely contribute to differences in how GC exposure shapes ongoing neural development (79)(80)(81).…”

Section: Potential Mechanisms Relevant To Observed Sex Differencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal Cortisol Concentrations During Pregnancy and Sex-Specific Associations With Neonatal Amygdala Connectivity and Emerging Internalizing Behaviors

Graham

Rasmussen

Entringer

et al. 2019

Biological Psychiatry

149

120

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Normative variation in maternal cortisol during pregnancy is associated with the coordinated functioning of the amygdala soon after birth in a sex-specific manner. The identified pathway from maternal cortisol to higher internalizing symptoms in girls via alterations in neonatal amygdala connectivity may be relevant for the etiology of sex differences in internalizing psychiatric disorders, which are more prevalent in women.

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Section: Potential Mechanisms Relevant To Observed Sex Differencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal Cortisol Concentrations During Pregnancy and Sex-Specific Associations With Neonatal Amygdala Connectivity and Emerging Internalizing Behaviors

Graham

Rasmussen

Entringer

et al. 2019

Biological Psychiatry

149

120

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“…The change in fetal weight is also sex dependent in asthma; during the first insult, female infants will reduce growth output to a smaller but not pathological level while the males continue down a normal growth trajectory. After the second hit, males are then challenged and their lack of compensation during the earlier stages of pregnancy results in their pathological growth restriction while females remain smaller but not SGA [20]. This is also confirmed by the hypothesis that males exhibit higher in utero vulnerability and lack of ability to acclimate to sub-optimal conditions [39], while, in females, the placenta has a protective function in adverse circumstances.…”

Section: Pathological Placental Gene Expression Changes Resulting In mentioning

confidence: 68%

“…This is further explained by the placental ability to adapt to one pregnancy co-morbidity and the lack of acclimation to a further or continued insult. Another environmental variable that demonstrates this 'double hit' is in asthmatic mothers (first insult) whose exacerbations (the second insult) result in SGA fetuses [20]. The change in fetal weight is also sex dependent in asthma; during the first insult, female infants will reduce growth output to a smaller but not pathological level while the males continue down a normal growth trajectory.…”

Section: Pathological Placental Gene Expression Changes Resulting In mentioning

confidence: 99%

Modulation of Placental Gene Expression in Small-for-Gestational-Age Infants

O’Callaghan

Clifton

Prentis

et al. 2020

Genes

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Small-for-gestational-age (SGA) infants are fetuses that have not reached their genetically programmed growth potential. Low birth weight predisposes these infants to an increased risk of developing cardiovascular, metabolic and neurodevelopmental conditions in later life. However, our understanding of how this pathology occurs is currently incomplete. Previous research has focused on understanding the transcriptome, epigenome and bacterial signatures separately. However, we hypothesise that interactions between moderators of gene expression are critical to understanding fetal growth restriction. Through a review of the current literature, we identify that there is evidence of modulated expression/methylation of the placental genome and the presence of bacterial DNA in the placental tissue of SGA infants. We also identify that despite limited evidence of the interactions between the above results, there are promising suggestions of a relationship between bacterial signatures and placental function. This review aims to summarise the current literature concerning fetal growth from multiple avenues and propose a novel relationship between the placental transcriptome, methylome and bacterial signature that, if characterised, may be able to improve our current understanding of the placental response to stress and the aetiology of growth restriction.

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“…Pre-existing medical conditions (e.g. autoimmune and endocrine diseases, thrombophilia) are strongly associated with an aberrant hormonal, metabolic and inflammatory milieu that is detrimental to placentation, and thus, such pregnancies are predisposed to significantly higher rates of complications with poorer neonatal outcomes ( Ali et al , 2016 ; Vannuccini et al , 2016 ; Meakin et al , 2017 ; De Leo and Pearce, 2018 ; De Carolis et al , 2019 ; Mitriuc et al , 2019 ; Stepien and Huttner, 2019 ). Placental transcriptome analysis could thus reveal how such conditions heighten a woman’s susceptibility to obstetric complications, which may lead to new treatments to prevent defective placental function and improve pregnancy outcomes in affected women.…”

Section: Knowledge Gaps and Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current approaches and developments in transcript profiling of the human placenta

Yong

Chan

2020

Human Reproduction Update

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BACKGROUND The placenta is the active interface between mother and foetus, bearing the molecular marks of rapid development and exposures in utero. The placenta is routinely discarded at delivery, providing a valuable resource to explore maternal-offspring health and disease in pregnancy. Genome-wide profiling of the human placental transcriptome provides an unbiased approach to study normal maternal–placental–foetal physiology and pathologies. OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE To date, many studies have examined the human placental transcriptome, but often within a narrow focus. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of human placental transcriptome studies, encompassing those from the cellular to tissue levels and contextualize current findings from a broader perspective. We have consolidated studies into overarching themes, summarized key research findings and addressed important considerations in study design, as a means to promote wider data sharing and support larger meta-analysis of already available data and greater collaboration between researchers in order to fully capitalize on the potential of transcript profiling in future studies. SEARCH METHODS The PubMed database, National Center for Biotechnology Information and European Bioinformatics Institute dataset repositories were searched, to identify all relevant human studies using ‘placenta’, ‘decidua’, ‘trophoblast’, ‘transcriptome’, ‘microarray’ and ‘RNA sequencing’ as search terms until May 2019. Additional studies were found from bibliographies of identified studies. OUTCOMES The 179 identified studies were classifiable into four broad themes: healthy placental development, pregnancy complications, exposures during pregnancy and in vitro placental cultures. The median sample size was 13 (interquartile range 8–29). Transcriptome studies prior to 2015 were predominantly performed using microarrays, while RNA sequencing became the preferred choice in more recent studies. Development of fluidics technology, combined with RNA sequencing, has enabled transcript profiles to be generated of single cells throughout pregnancy, in contrast to previous studies relying on isolated cells. There are several key study aspects, such as sample selection criteria, sample processing and data analysis methods that may represent pitfalls and limitations, which need to be carefully considered as they influence interpretation of findings and conclusions. Furthermore, several areas of growing importance, such as maternal mental health and maternal obesity are understudied and the profiling of placentas from these conditions should be prioritized. WIDER IMPLICATIONS Integrative analysis of placental transcriptomics with other ‘omics’ (methylome, proteome and metabolome) and linkage with future outcomes from longitudinal studies is crucial in enhancing knowledge of healthy placental development and function, and in enabling the underlying causal mechanisms of pregnancy complications to be identified. Such understanding could help in predicting risk of future adversity and in designing interventions that can improve the health outcomes of both mothers and their offspring. Wider collaboration and sharing of placental transcriptome data, overcoming the challenges in obtaining sufficient numbers of quality samples with well-defined clinical characteristics, and dedication of resources to understudied areas of pregnancy will undoubtedly help drive the field forward.

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Review: Placental adaptations to the presence of maternal asthma during pregnancy

Abstract: 19Asthma is a highly prevalent chronic medical condition affecting an

Cited by 33 publications

References 57 publications

Maternal Cortisol Concentrations During Pregnancy and Sex-Specific Associations With Neonatal Amygdala Connectivity and Emerging Internalizing Behaviors

Maternal Cortisol Concentrations During Pregnancy and Sex-Specific Associations With Neonatal Amygdala Connectivity and Emerging Internalizing Behaviors

Modulation of Placental Gene Expression in Small-for-Gestational-Age Infants

Current approaches and developments in transcript profiling of the human placenta

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