Review of the taxonomy of the genus Arthrobacter, emendation of the genus Arthrobacter sensu lato, proposal to reclassify selected species of the genus Arthrobacter in the novel genera Glutamicibacter gen. nov., Paeniglutamicibacter gen. nov., Pseudoglutamicibacter gen. nov., Paenarthrobacter gen. nov. and Pseudarthrobacter gen. nov., and emended description of Arthrobacter roseus
“…35 Glutamicibacter and Paeniglutamicibacter were isolated from bad hygiene environments, and their clinical importance is unknown. 36 In our study, the functional prediction analysis identified several functional parameters, including the Embden Meyerhof-Parnas pathway and the utilization of sugar, that were significantly increased in GC group compared with the noncancer group. Previous researchers have found that lactate can serve as an energy source for tumour cells by inducing the expression of glycolytic enzymes to increase the ATP supply.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 73%
“…Carnobacterium has been isolated from vacuum‐packaged bologna sausage and was responsible for causing green discolouration of the product after package opening . Glutamicibacter and Paeniglutamicibacter were isolated from bad hygiene environments, and their clinical importance is unknown …”
Summary
Background
Incidence and mortality of gastric cancer (GC) are high in Mongolia despite Helicobacter pylori in the Mongolian population being less virulent.
Aim
To evaluate gastric bacterial microbiota profiles in patients with GC and its precursor histological conditions.
Methods
We conducted a case‐control study among 48 GC and 120 noncancer patients (20 normal gastric mucosa [control], 20 gastritis, 40 with atrophy and 40 intestinal metaplasia [IM]). We performed 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and compared taxonomic and functional prediction profiles based on the diagnosis group and H pylori infection status.
Results
The highest overall bacterial alpha diversity metrics were observed in the control group, followed by the IM and cancer groups. The gastritis and atrophy groups had the least diversity. Lactobacilli and Enterococci were the dominant genus in several cancer patients especially in the absence of H pylori. In addition, Carnobacterium, Glutamicibacter, Paeniglutamicibacter, Fusobacterium and Parvimonas were associated with GC regardless of H pylori infection. Firmicutes were decreased in the gastritis and atrophy groups and increased in the IM and cancer groups. The functional metabolic activity of the Embden‐Meyerhof‐Parnas pathway and the utilization of sugar, were significantly increased in cancer group compared with the noncancer group.
Conclusion
Microbial factors other than H pylori may play a role in Mongolian GC. We identified novel associations between GC and the genera Enterococcus, Lactobacillus, Carnobacterium, Glutamicibacter, Paeniglutamicibacter, Fusobacterium, and Parvimonas.
“…35 Glutamicibacter and Paeniglutamicibacter were isolated from bad hygiene environments, and their clinical importance is unknown. 36 In our study, the functional prediction analysis identified several functional parameters, including the Embden Meyerhof-Parnas pathway and the utilization of sugar, that were significantly increased in GC group compared with the noncancer group. Previous researchers have found that lactate can serve as an energy source for tumour cells by inducing the expression of glycolytic enzymes to increase the ATP supply.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 73%
“…Carnobacterium has been isolated from vacuum‐packaged bologna sausage and was responsible for causing green discolouration of the product after package opening . Glutamicibacter and Paeniglutamicibacter were isolated from bad hygiene environments, and their clinical importance is unknown …”
Summary
Background
Incidence and mortality of gastric cancer (GC) are high in Mongolia despite Helicobacter pylori in the Mongolian population being less virulent.
Aim
To evaluate gastric bacterial microbiota profiles in patients with GC and its precursor histological conditions.
Methods
We conducted a case‐control study among 48 GC and 120 noncancer patients (20 normal gastric mucosa [control], 20 gastritis, 40 with atrophy and 40 intestinal metaplasia [IM]). We performed 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing and compared taxonomic and functional prediction profiles based on the diagnosis group and H pylori infection status.
Results
The highest overall bacterial alpha diversity metrics were observed in the control group, followed by the IM and cancer groups. The gastritis and atrophy groups had the least diversity. Lactobacilli and Enterococci were the dominant genus in several cancer patients especially in the absence of H pylori. In addition, Carnobacterium, Glutamicibacter, Paeniglutamicibacter, Fusobacterium and Parvimonas were associated with GC regardless of H pylori infection. Firmicutes were decreased in the gastritis and atrophy groups and increased in the IM and cancer groups. The functional metabolic activity of the Embden‐Meyerhof‐Parnas pathway and the utilization of sugar, were significantly increased in cancer group compared with the noncancer group.
Conclusion
Microbial factors other than H pylori may play a role in Mongolian GC. We identified novel associations between GC and the genera Enterococcus, Lactobacillus, Carnobacterium, Glutamicibacter, Paeniglutamicibacter, Fusobacterium, and Parvimonas.
“…This shift in the microflora was likely a result of the dry chilling used at the plant as it has been widely accepted that Gram-negative bacteria are, in general, more susceptible to drying than Gram-positive bacteria (Yang, 2016). Species of Arthrobacter are soil organisms and some are able to grow at low temperatures and can be resistant to desiccation (Busse, 2016). The increase in the fraction of this genus is then not surprising.…”
The objective of this study was to investigate spoilage microflora of decontaminated and not decontaminated beef carcasses. Carcasses after skinning and after chilling at two beef plants (A, a small plant where no interventions but dry chilling are used; B, a large plant where multiple antimicrobial interventions and spray chilling are used) were swab-sampled for determination of carcass microflora. The numbers of aerobes, Pseudomonas, Brochothrix thermosphacta, lactic acid bacteria (LAB), and Enterobacteriaceae (EB) on carcasses at plant A after skinning were 5.2, 3.7, 2.8, 3.9, and 1.6 log cfu 15,000 cm -2 and they were not significantly different (p>0.05) from those on carcasses at plant B at equivalent times. The numbers of EB were significantly lower (p<0.05) on carcasses after chilling at both plants. However, no difference was observed for the other four groups of microorganisms (p>0.05). At plant A, the microflora on carcasses after skinning and after chilling included 18 and 19 bacterial species, with Psychrobacter (30.9%) and Psychrobacter (42.9%) being the respective predominant genus, respectively. At plant B, the microflora after skinning and after chilling included 21 and 17 bacterial species, with Chryseobacterium (18.6%), Kocuria (18.6%) and Brevibacterium (18.6%), and Pseudomonas (33.3%) being the respective predominant genera. The spoilage microflora of decontaminated beef carcasses is similar in numbers to that of conventionally produced carcasses, suggesting the decontamination treatments for beef carcasses may not cause major difference in storage life of chilled vacuum packaged beef, the major form of beef for international and domestic trading in North America.
“…The 16S rRNA gene sequence places Arthrobacter agilis strain L77 in the domain Bacteria [12] (Table 1), phylum Actinobacteria [3] and Class Actinobacteria [13], order Actinomycetales [2, 14] and family Micrococcaceae [2, 15] during homology search by BLAST [16]. Only few of the closely related species after reclassification [17] of genus Arthrobacter [1, 2,] with validly published names: A. agilis DSM 20550 T [9], A. woluwensis 1551 T DSM 10495 [18], A. methylotrophus DSM 14008 T [19], A. tecti LMG 22282 T [20], A. parietis LMG 22281 T [20], A. subterraneus CH7 T DSM 17585 [21], A. tumbae LMG 19501 T [20], Arthrobacter oryzae KV-651 T DSM 25586 [22], Arthrobacter alkaliphilus LC6 T DSM 23368 [23], Arthrobacter flavus JCM 11496 T [24], A. cupressi D48 T DSM 24664 [25], A. globiformis DSM 20124 T [1, 2] were selected for drawing the phylogenetic position of strain L77.Fig. 1Full grown yellow colored bacterial culture on Tr...…”
Arthrobacter agilis strain L77, is a plant growth promoting and cold active hydrolytic enzymes producing psychrotrophic bacterium, isolated from Pangong Lake, a subglacial lake in north western Himalayas, India. Genome analysis revealed metabolic versatility with genes involved in metabolism and cold shock adaptation, utilization and biosynthesis of diverse structural and storage polysaccharides such as plant based carbon polymers. The genome of Arthrobacter agilis strain L77 consists of 3,608,439 bp (3.60 Mb) of a circular chromosome. The genome comprises of 3316 protein coding genes and 74 RNA genes, 725 hypothetical proteins, 25 pseudo-genes and 1404 unique genes.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s40793-016-0176-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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