Review of structure and bioactivity of the Plantago (Plantaginaceae) polysaccharides

Immunoregulatory activity of a low-molecular-weight heteropolysaccharide from Ganoderma leucocontextum fruiting bodies in vitro and in vivo

“…In recent years, natural polysaccharides have been reported to possess remarkable pharmacological actions in the aspects of anti-diabetic ( Fang et al, 2022 ), anti-tumor ( Zhang et al, 2021 ), anti-photoaging ( Yao et al, 2021 ), anti-oxidation ( Zhou et al, 2020 ), immunoregulation ( Su et al, 2021 , Yu et al, 2019 ). Edible-medicinal mushroom is one of the most important resources for natural polysaccharides.…”

Studies Regarding the Pharmaceutical Potential of Derivative Products from Plantain

“…Another study performed by Kardosova in 1992 [ 40 ] indicates that the mucilages obtained from dry leaves of Plantago lanceolata contain D-Glc (21.9%), D-Gal (35.8%), L-Ara (26%), uronic acid (6.9%), D mannose (D-Man) (4.6%), and L-Rha (4.6%). Zhang and collab [ 42 ] found that the polysaccharides obtained by extraction with hot water at 80 °C from Plantago sp. contain units of Gal A (64.88%) and Ara (29.42%); these types of polysaccharides can stimulate the activity and growth of the gut microbiome.…”

Beneficial effects of psyllium on the prevention and treatment of cardiometabolic diseases

“…53,53 Polysaccharide extracted from psyllium seeds is a very important biological active ingredient that has been widely reported in recent years. 9,50,54,55 Psyllium polysaccharides are composed of xylose, arabinose, galactose, rhamnose, glucose, and mannose in different molar ratios. According to these reports, psyllium polysaccharide possesses various human health-promoting effects, such as antioxidant, antitumor, immunomodulatory, anti-proliferative, 56 hypoglycemic, hypotensive, and antiviral activities, 57 among others.…”

“…It was recommended for “disorders of vital energy, pain, diuresis and rheumatism” in the Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing (Herbal of the Divine Plowman). 9 Furthermore, psyllium is also commonly used in traditional Indian medicine for the treatment of skin irritations, constipation, and diarrhea. 10 Recently, psyllium, especially its husk, has been widely used both as a pharmacological supplement and a food product.…”