A young Burundian refugee farms his little plot on the edge of the Kashjowa village, Uganda. © UNHCR/Frederic Noy This case study looks at efforts by the international community to support the approaches adopted in Ethiopia and Uganda towards refugee self-reliance. It compares outcomes in the countries, with a specific focus on access to employment and business creation. The case study draws from a number of evaluations and recent reports. Refugees from South Sudan cross the border with Uganda at the Kaya River via a bridge built by UNHCR.