Review of integrated charging methods for plug-in electric and hybrid vehicles

Abstract

This paper reviews the current status and implementation of integrated charging methods for plug-in electric vehicles and hybrids. Battery charger systems are categorized into on-board and off-board types. An off-board charger can be designed for high charging rates and is less constrained by size and weight. Typical on-board chargers limit the high power because of weight, space, volume and cost constraints. Integration of the charging function into the electric drive system and electric motor has been developed to minimize battery charger costs, weight and volume. In an integrated charger, motor windings are used for the inductors. The motor drive inverter serves as a bidirectional ac-dc converter. Various integrated charger topologies are presented, compared, and evaluated based on cost, weight, suitability, configurations, and other factors.

On-board electric vehicle battery charger with enhanced V2H operation mode

“…This method consists in calculate the rms value during one cycle of the power grid voltage and detect when it falls beyond a predefined threshold. The rms value is calculated according to: (8) and the digital implementation is: (9) where, is the number of samples used in each cycle of the power grid voltage. Aiming to speed up the detection of changes in the rms value, it can be calculated using only half-cycle of the power grid voltage and using a sliding average across the square values of the power grid instantaneous values.…”

“…On the other hand, the main opportunity that must be addressed is related with the capacity of these vehicles to store a significant amount of energy. Thereby, besides the battery charging process, identified as Grid-to-Vehicle (G2V) [9], the EVs can also be used to produce reactive power [10] and to deliver part of energy stored in the batteries back to the power grid. This process is identified as Vehicle-to-Grid (V2G) [11][12][13][14].…”

Prediction of device temperatures in an electric vehicle battery charger system by analysis of device thermal cross-coupling

“…Good thermal design of electrical systems is of particular importance in electric vehicles (EVs), where space, weight and temperature constraints are more severe than in static applications [1]. Electrical power converters must be lightweight, fit into the small space available and operate in an enclosed environment with high ambient temperature and limited natural air flow.…”

A novel integrated switched reluctance motor drive with bi-directional inverter

“…Concerns about the petroleum reserves and prices, as well as the environmental pollution problems arising from traditional automotive vehicles which are powered by internal combustion engines(ICEs) [1]. A great many researchers have interested in electric vehicles(EVs)which can reduce emission and also have obtained lots of research achievements.…”