Reversible Ipecac Myopathy

Ipecac-induced toxicity in eating disorders

“…The medical literature cites additional case studies of ipecac-induced toxicity (Mateer, Farrell, Chou, & Gutmann, 1985;Moldawsky, 1985;Isner, Roberts, Heymsfield, & Yager, 1985;Friedman, Seime, Roberts, & Fremouw, 1987;). Schiff, Wurzel, Brunson, Kasloff, Nussbaum, & Frank (1986) report the first known case of ipecac-induced death in an adolescent patient with bulimia.…”

Ipecac-induced toxicity in eating disorders

“…The medical literature cites additional case studies of ipecac-induced toxicity (Mateer, Farrell, Chou, & Gutmann, 1985;Moldawsky, 1985;Isner, Roberts, Heymsfield, & Yager, 1985;Friedman, Seime, Roberts, & Fremouw, 1987;). Schiff, Wurzel, Brunson, Kasloff, Nussbaum, & Frank (1986) report the first known case of ipecac-induced death in an adolescent patient with bulimia.…”

Dual action anti‐inflammatory/antiviral isoquinoline alkaloids as potent naturally occurring anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 agents: A combined pharmacological and medicinal chemistry perspective

“…Although emetine has promising effects in suppressing the SARS‐CoV‐2, many studies have reported in the past that taking this drug causes a number of cardiac complications (Adler et al, 1980; Mateer et al, 1985; Yang & Dubick, 1980). This has prevented researchers in clinical trials from using high doses of the drug to treat COVID‐19 (Fan et al, 2021).…”

“…is its high cytotoxicity, which manifests in the form of cardiac complications and cellular damages (Adler et al, 1980;Brem & Konwaler, 1955;Mateer et al, 1985;Yang & Dubick, 1980). SAR findings suggest that the high cytotoxicity of emetine is due to the presence of a secondary amine in its structure (Figure 12) (Akinboye et al, 2012(Akinboye et al, , 2015(Akinboye et al, , 2016Pettit et al, 2020).…”

“…The strong antiviral effects of emetine against the SARS‐CoV‐2 have been also reported in the last 2 years (Bojkova et al, 2020; Ellinger et al, 2021; Kumar et al, 2021; Ren et al, 2022; Wang, Sun, et al, 2020). The most important problem of this alkaloid is its high cytotoxicity, which manifests in the form of cardiac complications and cellular damages (Adler et al, 1980; Brem & Konwaler, 1955; Mateer et al, 1985; Yang & Dubick, 1980). SAR findings suggest that the high cytotoxicity of emetine is due to the presence of a secondary amine in its structure (Figure 12) (Akinboye et al, 2012, 2015, 2016; Pettit et al, 2020).…”

Different Aspects of Emetine’s Capabilities as a Highly Potent SARS-CoV-2 Inhibitor against COVID-19

“…This long period led to the identification of emetine-related side effects and toxicities in patients. Although emetine showed excellent therapeutic effects during this period, it has generally been reported to have a narrow therapeutic index. , Some studies have reported that taking therapeutic doses of emetine may cause some cardiovascular complications during or after treatment, including electrocardiogram (ECG) abnormalities, ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation, reversible myopathy, hypotension, and sometimes pericardial pain and tachycardia. − Some studies have linked emetine-induced cardiac toxicity to calcium channel blockade by this drug . Although some old studies found these side effects to be dangerous, some other reports suggested that these side effects persist for a short time after treatment and then the patient usually improves without any changes in cardiovascular function.…”

Ipecac-induced toxicity in eating disorders

“…The medical literature cites additional case studies of ipecac-induced toxicity (Mateer, Farrell, Chou, & Gutmann, 1985;Moldawsky, 1985;Isner, Roberts, Heymsfield, & Yager, 1985;Friedman, Seime, Roberts, & Fremouw, 1987;). Schiff, Wurzel, Brunson, Kasloff, Nussbaum, & Frank (1986) report the first known case of ipecac-induced death in an adolescent patient with bulimia.…”

Dual action anti‐inflammatory/antiviral isoquinoline alkaloids as potent naturally occurring anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 agents: A combined pharmacological and medicinal chemistry perspective

“…Although emetine has promising effects in suppressing the SARS‐CoV‐2, many studies have reported in the past that taking this drug causes a number of cardiac complications (Adler et al, 1980; Mateer et al, 1985; Yang & Dubick, 1980). This has prevented researchers in clinical trials from using high doses of the drug to treat COVID‐19 (Fan et al, 2021).…”

“…is its high cytotoxicity, which manifests in the form of cardiac complications and cellular damages (Adler et al, 1980;Brem & Konwaler, 1955;Mateer et al, 1985;Yang & Dubick, 1980). SAR findings suggest that the high cytotoxicity of emetine is due to the presence of a secondary amine in its structure (Figure 12) (Akinboye et al, 2012(Akinboye et al, , 2015(Akinboye et al, , 2016Pettit et al, 2020).…”

“…The strong antiviral effects of emetine against the SARS‐CoV‐2 have been also reported in the last 2 years (Bojkova et al, 2020; Ellinger et al, 2021; Kumar et al, 2021; Ren et al, 2022; Wang, Sun, et al, 2020). The most important problem of this alkaloid is its high cytotoxicity, which manifests in the form of cardiac complications and cellular damages (Adler et al, 1980; Brem & Konwaler, 1955; Mateer et al, 1985; Yang & Dubick, 1980). SAR findings suggest that the high cytotoxicity of emetine is due to the presence of a secondary amine in its structure (Figure 12) (Akinboye et al, 2012, 2015, 2016; Pettit et al, 2020).…”

Different Aspects of Emetine’s Capabilities as a Highly Potent SARS-CoV-2 Inhibitor against COVID-19

“…This long period led to the identification of emetine-related side effects and toxicities in patients. Although emetine showed excellent therapeutic effects during this period, it has generally been reported to have a narrow therapeutic index. , Some studies have reported that taking therapeutic doses of emetine may cause some cardiovascular complications during or after treatment, including electrocardiogram (ECG) abnormalities, ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation, reversible myopathy, hypotension, and sometimes pericardial pain and tachycardia. − Some studies have linked emetine-induced cardiac toxicity to calcium channel blockade by this drug . Although some old studies found these side effects to be dangerous, some other reports suggested that these side effects persist for a short time after treatment and then the patient usually improves without any changes in cardiovascular function.…”

Ipecac-induced toxicity in eating disorders

“…The medical literature cites additional case studies of ipecac-induced toxicity (Mateer, Farrell, Chou, & Gutmann, 1985;Moldawsky, 1985;Isner, Roberts, Heymsfield, & Yager, 1985;Friedman, Seime, Roberts, & Fremouw, 1987;). Schiff, Wurzel, Brunson, Kasloff, Nussbaum, & Frank (1986) report the first known case of ipecac-induced death in an adolescent patient with bulimia.…”

Dual action anti‐inflammatory/antiviral isoquinoline alkaloids as potent naturally occurring anti‐SARS‐CoV‐2 agents: A combined pharmacological and medicinal chemistry perspective

“…Although emetine has promising effects in suppressing the SARS‐CoV‐2, many studies have reported in the past that taking this drug causes a number of cardiac complications (Adler et al, 1980; Mateer et al, 1985; Yang & Dubick, 1980). This has prevented researchers in clinical trials from using high doses of the drug to treat COVID‐19 (Fan et al, 2021).…”

“…is its high cytotoxicity, which manifests in the form of cardiac complications and cellular damages (Adler et al, 1980;Brem & Konwaler, 1955;Mateer et al, 1985;Yang & Dubick, 1980). SAR findings suggest that the high cytotoxicity of emetine is due to the presence of a secondary amine in its structure (Figure 12) (Akinboye et al, 2012(Akinboye et al, , 2015(Akinboye et al, , 2016Pettit et al, 2020).…”

“…The strong antiviral effects of emetine against the SARS‐CoV‐2 have been also reported in the last 2 years (Bojkova et al, 2020; Ellinger et al, 2021; Kumar et al, 2021; Ren et al, 2022; Wang, Sun, et al, 2020). The most important problem of this alkaloid is its high cytotoxicity, which manifests in the form of cardiac complications and cellular damages (Adler et al, 1980; Brem & Konwaler, 1955; Mateer et al, 1985; Yang & Dubick, 1980). SAR findings suggest that the high cytotoxicity of emetine is due to the presence of a secondary amine in its structure (Figure 12) (Akinboye et al, 2012, 2015, 2016; Pettit et al, 2020).…”

Different Aspects of Emetine’s Capabilities as a Highly Potent SARS-CoV-2 Inhibitor against COVID-19

“…This long period led to the identification of emetine-related side effects and toxicities in patients. Although emetine showed excellent therapeutic effects during this period, it has generally been reported to have a narrow therapeutic index. , Some studies have reported that taking therapeutic doses of emetine may cause some cardiovascular complications during or after treatment, including electrocardiogram (ECG) abnormalities, ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation, reversible myopathy, hypotension, and sometimes pericardial pain and tachycardia. − Some studies have linked emetine-induced cardiac toxicity to calcium channel blockade by this drug . Although some old studies found these side effects to be dangerous, some other reports suggested that these side effects persist for a short time after treatment and then the patient usually improves without any changes in cardiovascular function.…”