Reverberations, coda waves and ambient noise: Correlations at the global scale and retrieval of the deep phases

Boué, Pierre; Poli, Piero; Campillo, Míchel; Roux, Philippe

doi:10.1016/j.epsl.2014.01.047

Cited by 75 publications

(107 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…We used vertical-vertical correlations because the wavefield in these correlations is dominated by surface (fundamental mode Rayleigh) waves due to the vertical point source. Here we used a data set that has been previously used in Boué et al (2014) and from which we only extracted the correlation function between the vertical components of a globally distributed seismic network, on one hand, and LAPNET on the other hand. The detailed processing that lead to these correlation functions can be found in Boué et al (2014).…”

Section: Noise Correlationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Here we used a data set that has been previously used in Boué et al (2014) and from which we only extracted the correlation function between the vertical components of a globally distributed seismic network, on one hand, and LAPNET on the other hand. The detailed processing that lead to these correlation functions can be found in Boué et al (2014). The use of one year of continuous data, and the symmetric part (stack of the positive and negative lag time) of the correlation functions strongly reduced potential bias due to uneven noise source distributions (Froment et al 2010;Kimman & Trampert 2010).…”

Section: Noise Correlationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Arrival angle anomalies of Rayleigh waves observed at a broadband array: a systematic study based on earthquake data, full waveform simulations and noise correlations

et al. 2015

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S U M M A R YDeviation of seismic surface waves from the great-circle between source and receiver is illustrated by the anomalies in the arrival angle, that is the difference between the observed backazimuth of the incident waves and the great-circle. Such arrival angle anomalies have been known for decades, but observations remain scattered. We present a systematic study of arrival angle anomalies of fundamental mode Rayleigh waves (20-100 s period interval) from 289 earthquakes and recorded by a broadband network LAPNET, located in northern Finland. These observations are compared with those of full waveform synthetic seismograms for the same events, calculated in a 3-D Earth and also compared with those of seismograms obtained by ambient noise correlation. The arrival angle anomalies for individual events are complex, and have significant variations with period. On average, the mean absolute deviation decreases from ∼9 • at 20 s period to ∼3 • at 100 s period. The synthetic seismograms show the same evolution, albeit with somewhat smaller deviations. While the arrival angle anomalies are fairly well simulated at long periods, the deviations at short periods are very poorly modelled, demonstrating the importance of the continuous improvement of global crustal models. At 20-30 s period, both event data and numerical simulations have strong multipathing, and relative amplitude changes between different waves will induced differences in deviations between very closely located events. The source mechanism has only limited influence on the deviations, demonstrating that they are directly linked to propagation effects, including near-field effects in the source area. This observation is confirmed by the comparison with seismic noise correlation records, that is where the surface waves correspond to those emitted by a point source at the surface, as the two types of observations are remarkably similar in the cases where earthquakes are located close to seismic stations. This agreement additionally confirms that the noise correlations capture the complex surface wave propagation.

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Section: Noise Correlationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Noise Correlationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arrival angle anomalies of Rayleigh waves observed at a broadband array: a systematic study based on earthquake data, full waveform simulations and noise correlations

et al. 2015

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“…Seismic interferometry, one type of cross-correlation analyses, is a powerful tool to extract Earth response from passive data at the local and global scales [e.g., Curtis et al, 2006;Ruigrok et al, 2010;Boué et al, 2014]. Using this technique, we can extract Green's functions between receivers [Lobkis and Weaver, 2001;Snieder, 2004;Wapenaar and Fokkema, 2006] and reveal velocity and attenuation structures [e.g., Shapiro et al, 2005;Lin et al, 2009;Lawrence and Prieto, 2011], as well as monitor subsurface media [e.g., Brenguier et al, 2008;Mehta et al, 2008;Mainsant et al, 2012;Nakata and Snieder, 2012].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Body wave extraction and tomography at Long Beach, California, with ambient‐noise interferometry

et al. 2015

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We retrieve P diving waves by applying seismic interferometry to ambient‐noise records observed at Long Beach, California, and invert travel times of these waves to estimate 3‐D P wave velocity structure. The ambient noise is recorded by a 2‐D dense and large network, which has about 2500 receivers with 100 m spacing. Compared to surface wave extraction, body wave extraction is a much greater challenge because ambient noise is typically dominated by surface wave energy. For each individual receiver pair, the cross‐correlation function obtained from ambient‐noise data does not show clear body waves. Although we can reconstruct body waves when we stack correlation functions over all receiver pairs, we need to extract body waves at each receiver pair separately for imaging spatial heterogeneity of subsurface structure. Therefore, we employ two filters after correlation to seek body waves between individual receiver pairs. The first filter is a selection filter based on the similarity between each correlation function and the stacked function. After selecting traces containing stronger body waves, we retain about two million correlation functions (35% of all correlation functions) and successfully preserve most of body wave energy in the retained traces. The second filter is a noise suppression filter to enhance coherent energy (body waves here) and suppress incoherent noise in each trace. After applying these filters, we can reconstruct clear body waves from each virtual source. As an application of using extracted body waves, we estimate 3‐D P wave velocities from these waves with travel time tomography. This study is the first body wave tomography result obtained from only ambient noise recorded at the ground surface. The velocity structure estimated from body waves has higher resolution than estimated from surface waves.

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“…While the last decade of research focused on surface wave observations, recent studies have shown that extracting core-sensitive body waves from the ambient seismic field or earthquake coda is also possible [Poli et al, 2012;Nishida, 2013;Boué et al, 2013Boué et al, , 2014Lin et al, 2013;Lin and Tsai, 2013]. While the last decade of research focused on surface wave observations, recent studies have shown that extracting core-sensitive body waves from the ambient seismic field or earthquake coda is also possible [Poli et al, 2012;Nishida, 2013;Boué et al, 2013Boué et al, , 2014Lin et al, 2013;Lin and Tsai, 2013].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lateral heterogeneity imaged by small‐aperture ScS retrieval from the ambient seismic field

Spica

Perton

Beroza

2017

Geophysical Research Letters

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Interpreting core‐related body wave traveltimes is challenging for seismologists because Earth's heterogeneities are averaged over thousands of kilometers and the sparsity of earthquake measurements makes these heterogeneities difficult to localize. We show how the ambient seismic wave field can be used to overcome these limitations. We present a regional‐scale analysis of core‐mantle boundary reflections (ScS) under Mexico. We show that body wave arrivals (i.e., P and ScS) are retrieved from higher‐order cross correlations (C3), a technique that provides a more uniform and controlled source distribution using the scattered waves of the coda of classical ambient field cross correlations (C1). Then, we extract ScS traveltimes along a dense linear array in Mexico and find that lithospheric lateral heterogeneity, such as the subducting Cocos slab beneath Mexico, may have a strong impact on ScS traveltimes. In parallel, we show that lateral heterogeneity such as a possible ultralow velocity zone (ULVZ) near the core‐mantle boundary might also affect, although to a lesser extent, the traveltime anomalies. Our results and interpretation are supported through numerical simulations that account for slab and ULVZ properties.

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Reverberations, coda waves and ambient noise: Correlations at the global scale and retrieval of the deep phases

Cited by 75 publications

References 32 publications

Arrival angle anomalies of Rayleigh waves observed at a broadband array: a systematic study based on earthquake data, full waveform simulations and noise correlations

Arrival angle anomalies of Rayleigh waves observed at a broadband array: a systematic study based on earthquake data, full waveform simulations and noise correlations

Body wave extraction and tomography at Long Beach, California, with ambient‐noise interferometry

Lateral heterogeneity imaged by small‐aperture ScS retrieval from the ambient seismic field

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