Reuse of Waste Shells as a SO2/NOx Removal Sorbent

Bivalve Shell: Not an Abundant Useless Waste but a Functional and Versatile Biomaterial

“…Most seashells have a desulfurization activity comparable to limestone, except for hard-shelled mussels [68]. From these reports, it can be inferred that the shell waste is a good sorbent for the removal of SO 2 and NO x and the absorption mechanism can be explained by combining the following equations [70].…”

“…After pretreatment, the specific surface area and pore volume were also increased over those of fresh particles, making it possible to enhance the removal capacity of acid gases. Jung et al [70] evaluated the feasibility of using oyster shell as an adsorbent to remove SO 2 /NOx in a fixed-bed reactor. After calcination/hydration pretreatment, the specific surface area of oyster shell increased by about 5 times over those of the fresh particles.…”

Marine shells: Potential opportunities for extraction of functional and health-promoting materials

“…The use of alkali sorbents such as calcium carbonate, calcium oxide and calcium hydroxide for removal of acidic gases including sulphur dioxide has been well documented [125,126]. Considering that hygroscopicity and cost of sorbent are very important factors, calcium based materials with high hygroscopicity and low price are highly promising commercial adsorbents [4]. The use of shell material for the absorption of metallic ions, acids and gases is economical and also is important for waste recycling [4].…”

“…These wastes are normally disposed of in landfill, processed into feed stock or used as a fertilizer. Land filling of waste shells can cause many environmental issues such as generation of off odours, contamination of air and soil pollution and damage to the marine ecosystem [4].…”

Environmental Effect of the Coffee Waste and Anti-Microbial Property of Oyster Shell Waste Treatment

“…A large amount of oyster shells is a general waste fishermen should take care of but it seems difficult to handle it effectively due to the problems of securing of landfill sites and collection/transportation of oyster shells 20 . This waste piles up at coastal areas and causes many environmental problems including pollution of coastal fisheries, management problem of public water surface, damage of natural landscape, and health/sanitation problem.…”