Retrospective estimates of net leaf production in Kandelia candel mangrove forests

Coulter, Sarah C.; Duarte, Carlos M.; Tuan, Mai Sy; Trí, Nguyễn Hoàng; Ha, Hoang Thi Thanh; Giang, Le Huong; Hong, Phan Nguyen

doi:10.3354/meps221117

Cited by 11 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…We also calculated the nutrient resorption after Lin and Wang (2001) and Lovelock et al (2004), as the ratio between the difference in average nutrient content in mg leaf −1 from a fully developed or mature leaf and that of senescing leaves, free of grazing damage, and reported this as a percent. Leaf age was estimated using the plastochrone interval approach, i.e., the time in between development of a new node supporting a new leaf pair (Erickson and Michelini, 1957;Duarte et al, 1994;Coulter et al, 2001). Avicennia marina produced 9.59 nodes year −1 , resulting in an estimated plastochron interval of PI = 38 days (Almahasheer et al, 2016c), the time interval between production of two consecutive leaf pairs along a branch.…”

Section: Laboratory Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leaf Nutrient Resorption and Export Fluxes of Avicennia marina in the Central Red Sea Area

Almahasheer¹,

Duarte²,

Irigoien³

2018

Front. Mar. Sci.

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Red Sea mangroves occur in an oligotrophic sea without permanent freshwater inputs. Understanding the mechanisms to cope with nutrient limitation is, therefore, important to understand their distribution and nutrient dynamics in coastal ecosystems. We measured total number of meristems to estimate their leaves production and nutrients (N, P, and Fe) as a function of age in Avicennia marina leaves. Then estimated resorption rates; the recovery of nutrients from senescing leaves before they are shed in a total of 91 leaf from four different mangroves stands in the Central Red Sea. We found that the concentration of N and P but not Fe declined with age. Nutrient content also declined in the older leaves with high resorption capacity of 69 and 72% in N and P vs. low resorption of 42% in Fe. The role of Fe resorption is poorly studied in plants, nevertheless, this study could provide an insight into our knowledge of iron resorption in the mangroves, which has never been assessed before. The leaf nutrient export flux from senescing leaves in monospecific stand of Avicennia marina was 9, 0.4 and 1 g m −2 year −1 for N, P, and Fe respectively, suggesting mangrove litter-fall to be an important source of bioavailable iron in particular, due to its low resorption, to the adjacent oligotrophic ecosystem.

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Section: Laboratory Proceduresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leaf Nutrient Resorption and Export Fluxes of Avicennia marina in the Central Red Sea Area

Almahasheer¹,

Duarte²,

Irigoien³

2018

Front. Mar. Sci.

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“…The high unexplained variation could be attributed to many factors, including the low sample size, the discrepancy in size between field plots (5 m · 5 m) and Landsat pixels (28.5 m · 28.5 m), and the lag time between image acquisition and field data collection, which particularly affected the plots in Bassett Creek. The low correlation between NDVI and live tree density (before exclusion of Bassett sites) would probably increase if data were weighted by size of trees: the model used assumes equal sizes for all trees measured, even though larger trees have higher leaf production (Coulter et al 2001) and therefore exert proportionally greater influence on NDVI values than smaller trees.…”

Section: Assessment Of Techniques For Mapping Mangrove Diebackmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural and anthropogenic changes to mangrove distributions in the Pioneer River Estuary (QLD, Australia)

Jupiter

Potts

Phinn

et al. 2006

Wetlands Ecol Manage

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We analyzed a time series of aerial photographs and Landsat satellite imagery of the Pioneer River Estuary (near Mackay, Queensland, Australia) to document both natural and anthropogenic changes in the area of mangroves available to filter river runoff between 1948 and 2002. Over 54 years, there was a net loss of 137 ha (22%) of tidal mangroves during four successive periods that were characterized by different driving mechanisms: (1) little net change (1948)(1949)(1950)(1951)(1952)(1953)(1954)(1955)(1956)(1957)(1958)(1959)(1960)(1961)(1962); (2) net gain from rapid mangrove expansion (1962)(1963)(1964)(1965)(1966)(1967)(1968)(1969)(1970)(1971)(1972); (3) net loss from clearing and tidal isolation (1972)(1973)(1974)(1975)(1976)(1977)(1978)(1979)(1980)(1981)(1982)(1983)(1984)(1985)(1986)(1987)(1988)(1989)(1990)(1991); and (4) net loss from a severe species-specific dieback affecting over 50% of remaining mangrove cover (1991)(1992)(1993)(1994)(1995)(1996)(1997)(1998)(1999)(2000)(2001)(2002). Manual digitization of aerial photographs was accurate for mapping changes in the boundaries of mangrove distributions, but this technique underestimated the total loss due to dieback. Regions of mangrove dieback were identified and mapped more accurately and efficiently after applying the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) to Landsat Thematic Mapper satellite imagery, and then monitoring changes to the index over time. These remote sensing techniques to map and monitor mangrove changes are important for identifying habitat degradation, both spatially and temporally, in order to prioritize restoration for management of estuarine and adjacent marine ecosystems.

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“…The age of all sampled plants was determined from the number of internodes the plant produced throughout its life span (Duarte et al 1999), or from linear regression equations developed in the present study between plant age and height (Coulter et al 2001). The internodes present along mangrove stems are characterized by a cyclical pattern of internodal length, with the shortest internodes produced in winter and the longest in summer, such that the number of internodes produced in a year is relatively constant and independent of plant age.…”

Section: Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Agent Orange and other herbicides were spread in Vietnam between 1962 and 1971, with the bulk of the chemicals applied between 1966 and 1969(Stellman et al 2003. Leaf samples were collected from 232 trees ranging from saplings to the largest trees (25 m in height, 1.92 m in girth) for genetic analyses.The age of all sampled plants was determined from the number of internodes the plant produced throughout its life span (Duarte et al 1999), or from linear regression equations developed in the present study between plant age and height (Coulter et al 2001). The internodes present along mangrove stems are characterized by a cyclical pattern of internodal length, with the shortest internodes produced in winter and the longest in summer, such that the number of internodes produced in a year is relatively constant and independent of plant age.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic recolonization of mangrove: genetic diversity still increasing in the Mekong Delta 30 years after Agent Orange

Arnaud‐Haond¹,

Duarte

Teixeira³

et al. 2009

Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.

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The widespread use of Agent Orange (a mixture of phenoxyl herbicides) over Southern Vietnam by US Forces led to the decimation of mangrove forests in the Mekong Delta. Mangrove trees Avicennia alba were sampled across the Mekong Delta; their age was assessed using models based on internode growth and samples were genotyped for 6 microsatellite loci. The evolution of genetic diversity over time elapsed since local extinction was reconstructed and compared with the genetic diversity of an unaffected population from Thailand. The results show that genetic diversity of the A. alba population is still increasing in the Mekong Delta 3 decades after the end of the Vietnam War, but is reaching an asymptotic level that is comparable to the adjacent non-affected population of Thailand. This might be a sign of genetic recovery, but may also reveal a limitation, either of genetic enrichment due to current predominance of auto-recruitment or of demographic increase due to intraspecific competition in this pioneer species. In any case, these results, although encouraging, demonstrate that genetic recovery after complete or almost complete population depletion continues over a longer time-scale than apparent demographic recovery. KEY WORDS: Recolonization genetics · Genetic recovery · Demographic recovery · Local extinction · Mangrove · Deforestation · Agent OrangeResale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisher Mar Ecol Prog Ser 390: 129-135, 2009 by US Forces of a highly toxic defoliant named Agent Orange (Stellman et al. 2003) over Southern Vietnam, which led to the decimation of mangrove forests in the Mekong Delta. A major unprecedented reforestation program was led, following the end of the US-Vietnam war (1974), by the Vietnamese government to recover the lost mangrove area (Hong & San 1993, Hong 1996. This effort, however, was based on the use of a single genus, Rhizophora, for which nurseries were available and which local communities (including scientists and local farmers) believed to be the most valuable component of mangrove forests. As a result of these efforts, Rhizophora stands have partially recovered (Hong 1996). In contrast, the recovery of other mangrove species in the community, such as the hermaphroditic Avicennia alba, was dependent on propagule dispersal from external sources, but tree cover and density were recovered about 2 decades later (Hong 1996). However, because potential sources of propagules in the Mekong Delta were few and distant, due to the thorough herbicide devastation of the vast mangrove forest area, it is likely that most colonizing propagules were delivered from a few sources. As a consequence of this extinction-recolonization process, the recovery of the plant population may have involved initial decimation of genetic diversity relative to the original stands, a genetic bottleneck effect, eventually followed by recovery at an unknown rate. Whereas the rates and patterns of recovery of plant communities have been extensively studied, including...

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Retrospective estimates of net leaf production in Kandelia candel mangrove forests

Cited by 11 publications

References 8 publications

Leaf Nutrient Resorption and Export Fluxes of Avicennia marina in the Central Red Sea Area

Leaf Nutrient Resorption and Export Fluxes of Avicennia marina in the Central Red Sea Area

Natural and anthropogenic changes to mangrove distributions in the Pioneer River Estuary (QLD, Australia)

Genetic recolonization of mangrove: genetic diversity still increasing in the Mekong Delta 30 years after Agent Orange

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