Retrieval without recollection: An experimental analysis of source amnesia

Schacter, Daniel L.; Harbluk, Joanne L.; McLachlan, Donald R.

doi:10.1016/s0022-5371(84)90373-6

Cited by 501 publications

(382 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Hence, it is not the case that the greater incidence of source misattributions in the questions condition was simply attributable to differences in old/new recognition. 1 Moreover, this finding fits with the growing body of evidence that source judgments and old/new recognition judgments are often made on different bases (e.g., Dywan & Jacoby, 1990;Johnson, Foley, & Leach, 1988, Experiment 1;Schacter, Harbluk, & McLachlan, 1984;Shimamura & Squire, 1987).…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 74%

Source misattributions and the suggestibility of eyewitness memory.

Zaragoza¹,

Lane²

1994

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cogni

277

300

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Although the suggestibility of eyewitness memory is well documented, previous studies have not clearly established the extent to which misled Ss might come to believe they actually remember seeing the suggested details they report. To assess whether Ss confuse misleading suggestions for their "real memories" of a witnessed event, Ss were asked specific questions about their memory for the source of suggested items. The results of 5 experiments showed that misled Ss do sometimes come to believe they remember seeing items that were merely suggested to them, a phenomenon we refer to as the source misattribution effect. Nevertheless, the results also showed that the magnitude of this effect varies and that source misattributions are not an inevitable consequence of exposure to suggestions.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 74%

Source misattributions and the suggestibility of eyewitness memory.

Zaragoza¹,

Lane²

1994

Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cogni

277

300

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“…(Milner, 1971(Milner, , 1991. Another line of studies have shown left middle prefrontal activation during source memory (relative to item retrieval) (Nolde et al, 1998;Henson et al, 1999b) that requires another type of context retrieval the impairment of which has been implicated in frontal lobe dysfunction (Schacter et al, 1984;Janowsky et al, 1989). The left middle prefrontal activation related to both temporal-order and source retrieval suggests a common process associated with context retrieval.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neural Correlates of Recency Judgment

et al. 2002

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The prefrontal cortex plays a critical role in recollecting the temporal context of past events. The present study used eventrelated functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and explored the neural correlates of temporal-order retrieval during a recency judgment paradigm. In this paradigm, after study of a list of words presented sequentially, subjects were presented with two of the studied words simultaneously and were asked which of the two words was studied more recently. Two types of such retrieval trials with varied (high and low) levels of demand for temporal-order retrieval were intermixed and compared using event-related fMRI. The intraparadigm comparison of high versus low demand trials revealed brain regions with activation that was modulated on the basis of demand for temporal-order retrieval. Multiple lateral prefrontal regions including the middle and inferior lateral prefrontal cortex were prominently activated. Activation was also observed in the anterior prefrontal cortex and the medial temporal cortex, regions well documented to be related to memory retrieval in general. The modulation of brain activity in these regions suggests a detailed pathway that is engaged during recency judgment.Key words: recency; prefrontal; memory; retrieval; context; fMRIThe prefrontal cortex has been implicated in several types of mnemonic functions (Stuss and Benson, 1986;Fuster, 1997). Among them is recollection of the temporal context of past events, an ability that has most often been tested using recency judgment paradigms in which two events are to be judged as to which has occurred more recently (Yntema and Trask, 1963). Since the initial report in Milner (1971), several neuropsychological studies of humans and monkeys have provided evidence that damage to the lateral prefrontal cortex impairs temporal-order retrieval and that the effect of damage is greater in retrieving the temporal order of past events than in retrieving the past events themselves (Shimamura et al., 1990;Milner et al., 1991;Petrides, 1991;Butters et al., 1994). Previous neuroimaging studies investigating recency judgment used this temporal-order versus item retrieval contrast and revealed prefrontal activation associated with temporal-order retrieval relative to item retrieval (Eyler Zorrilla et al., 1996;Cabeza et al., 1997Cabeza et al., , 2000.The contrast of the dichotomous temporal-order versus item retrieval is useful in detecting functional characteristics that are differential among particular brain regions, as is most typically used in the demonstration of double dissociation between regions. However, this approach leaves unspecified the brain activity related to temporal-order retrieval itself at a whole-brain level because, for instance, it is possible that brain activity common to temporal-order and item retrieval is subtracted out even when the activity is related to temporal-order retrieval. An alternative approach complements the previous approach and allows us to uncover the whole neural correlates of temporal-order retr...

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“…Source memory errors and temporal order memory impairment are usually assumed to be linked with frontal lobe dysfunction (e.g. Janowsky et al, 1989;Schacter, 1987;Schacter et al, 1984;Shimamura, 1995;Shimamura et al, 1991). In contrast with some other confabulators (e.g.…”

Section: Relatively Preserved Normal Temporalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Confabulation With a Selective Descriptor Process Impairment

Dab¹,

Claes²,

Morais³

et al. 1999

Cognitive Neuropsychology

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Confabulation is usually assumed to result from a deficit in either the memory verification processes alone or in both the search and the verification processes. The present study concerns a patient who, in contrast to other patients, displayed confabulations but had preserved memory verification abilities. She exhibited only a selective impairment of the search processes. Recognition abilities were preserved, and cued recall was better than free recall. On the latter task, she recalled fewer correct items and produced more intrusions than control subjects. The patient had normal performance in several tests usually assumed to tap "executive functions." It is thus concluded that an impairment in verification, regardless of whether it is specific or not to memory, is not a necessary component of confabulations. The case is discussed in relation to two memory control processes models

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Retrieval without recollection: An experimental analysis of source amnesia

Cited by 501 publications

References 25 publications

Source misattributions and the suggestibility of eyewitness memory.

Source misattributions and the suggestibility of eyewitness memory.

Neural Correlates of Recency Judgment

Confabulation With a Selective Descriptor Process Impairment

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