Retracted article: Towards near zero-sulfur liquid fuels: a perspective review

Pawelec, B.; Navarro, R.M.; Campos‐Martín, Jose M.; Fierro, J.L.G.

doi:10.1039/c0cy00049c

Cited by 249 publications

(124 citation statements)

References 197 publications

(219 reference statements)

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“…In 2006, the proposed goal was 30 ppmw for gasoline and 15 ppmw for diesel. 5,6 The decrease in S content represents a huge technological demand because the sulfur present in fuel is not in its elemental form, but exists as a heteroatom in organosulfur compounds. These species include mercaptans (sulfides and RSH), disulfides (RSSR') and aromatics such as thiophene (T), dibenzothiophene (DBT) and related compounds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of ZSM-5 modified with niobium pentoxide: the study of thiophene adsorption

Cavalcanti

Barros

Dias

et al. 2013

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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Adsorventes ZSM-5 impregnados com Nb 2 O 5 foram aplicados na remoção de enxofre sob a forma de tiofeno, substância refratária de difícil remoção dos combustíveis líquidos. Para tanto, foi preparado um combustível modelo contendo iso-octano contaminado com tiofeno nas concentrações de 877,5 a 1155 ppmw. As amostras foram caracterizadas por difratometria de raios X (XRD), espectroscopias no infravermelho (FTIR) e Raman (FT-Raman) por transformada de Fourier para confirmação dos adsorventes obtidos, sendo priorizado o estudo de adsorção com aquele contendo 5% de pentóxido de nióbio, que apresentou uma maior capacidade de remoção de tiofeno. Os melhores resultados de adsorção foram alcançados a 353 K, sendo observado um maior tempo para atingir o equilíbrio. Sob essas condições, o melhor ajuste cinético foi alcançado utilizando a equação de pseudo-segunda ordem, evidenciando o domínio do fenômeno de quimissorção. Por outro lado, sob menores temperaturas, o modelo de difusão apresentou uma melhor aproximação dos resultados experimentais. O aumento da temperatura também favoreceu os processos espontâneos.ZSM-5 adsorbents impregnated with Nb 2 O 5 were applied in the sulfur removal in the form of thiophene, refractory substance of difficult removal of liquid fuels. For this purpose, a model fuel containing iso-octane contaminated with thiophene in concentrations of 877.5 to 1155 ppmw was prepared. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffractometry (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and Fourier transform-Raman (FT-Raman) spectroscopies for confirmation of the adsorbents, being prioritized the adsorption study with that containing 5 wt.% of niobium pentoxide, because it showed a greater capacity for removal of thiophene. The best results of adsorption were achieved at 353 K, a longer time to reach equilibrium was observed. Under these conditions, the best kinetic fitting was achieved using the equation of pseudo-second order, demonstrating the domain of the phenomenon of chemisorption. While under lower temperatures, the diffusion model presented a better approximation of the experimental results. Also, the increasing of temperature did enhance spontaneous processes.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of ZSM-5 modified with niobium pentoxide: the study of thiophene adsorption

Cavalcanti

Barros

Dias

et al. 2013

J. Braz. Chem. Soc.

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“…W 2009 roku dopuszczalna zawartość siarki dla olejów napędowych została obniżona z 50 ppm do 10 ppm [12,38]. W przyszłości przewiduje się wprowadzenie dopuszczalnego poziomu siarki poniżej 1 ppm wagowego [1,27,30].…”

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Chemia i katalizatory procesu głębokiego hydroodsiarczania

Lewandowski

2017

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Chemia i katalizatory procesu głębokiego hydroodsiarczania W artykule przedstawiono zagadnienia związane ze zrozumieniem mechanizmu katalitycznego procesu głębokiego hydroodsiarczania (HDS). Omówiono rodzaje związków siarki występujących w surowcach naftowych oraz ich reaktywność w aspekcie drugiego stopnia hydrorafinacji. Opisano typy katalizatorów procesu HDS oraz przedstawiono zagadnienia związane z wykorzystaniem nowych katalizatorów (niesiarczkowych) mających potencjalne zastosowanie w drugim (głębokim) stopniu hydrorafinacji.Słowa kluczowe: hydroodsiarczanie (HDS), hydrorafinacja, reaktywność związków siarki, karbazol, dibenzotiofen (DBT), 4,6-dimetylodibenzotiofen (4,6-DMDBT). Chemistry and catalysts of deep hydrodesulfurization processThe paper presents issues related to the understanding of the catalytic mechanism of the deep hydrodesulphurization process (HDS). The types of sulfur compounds present in petroleum products and their reactivity in terms of the second degree of hydrotreatment are discussed. The types of catalysts for the HDS process were described and the issues related to the use of new (non-sulfide) catalysts which have potential application in the second (deep) hydrotreatment are presented.

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“…To this end, stringent environmental legislation impels the updating of fuel specification to higher levels; in particular, the sulfur content of transportation fuels is to be limited to lower than 10 ppm, and even to near 0 ppm in the near future [1]. Till now, hydrodesulfurization (HDS) has been the most widely applied technology for removing sulfur from fuels in modern refineries.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post Synthesis of Aluminum Modified Mesoporous TUD-1 Materials and Their Application for FCC Diesel Hydrodesulfurization Catalysts

Xia

Duan

et al. 2017

Catalysts

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Post-synthesis methods are a promising technology and have received much attention. In this paper, a series of post-synthesis aluminum modified TUD-1 (PAT) materials with different Al contents were successfully prepared by using aluminum isopropoxide to be Al sources, then the as-synthesized materials were adopted as support additives mixed with commercial γ-Al 2 O 3 to prepare hydrodesulfurization (HDS) catalysts for FCC diesel. The supports and catalysts were analyzed using N 2 adsorption-desorption, XRD, SEM, Py-IR, ICP, 27 Al MAS NMR, UV-vis, H 2 -TPR and HRTEM techniques. The results of Py-IR and 27 Al MAS NMR indicated that the addition of Al species could bring Lewis (L) and Brönsted (B) sites into Si-TUD-1, and that the material of PAT-3 had the highest total acidity sites and Brönsted acid sites among the series PAT composites. The HRTEM technique showed that, compared to the traditional catalyst NiMo/γ-Al 2 O 3 , the sulfided catalyst NiMo/APAT-3 had a relatively short length (3.2 nm) and suitable stacking number (2.5) of MoS 2 slabs. The HDS efficiencies of all the catalysts were tested in a fixed bed micro-reactor with FCC diesel as feedstock. The catalytic results confirmed that the catalyst NiMo/APAT-3 possessed the highest HDS efficiency (97.0%), due to synergistic effects of advantageous properties such as higher acidity, moderate MSI, and relatively short length of the MoS 2 slabs.

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Retracted article: Towards near zero-sulfur liquid fuels: a perspective review

Cited by 249 publications

References 197 publications

Characterization of ZSM-5 modified with niobium pentoxide: the study of thiophene adsorption

Characterization of ZSM-5 modified with niobium pentoxide: the study of thiophene adsorption

Chemia i katalizatory procesu głębokiego hydroodsiarczania

Post Synthesis of Aluminum Modified Mesoporous TUD-1 Materials and Their Application for FCC Diesel Hydrodesulfurization Catalysts

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