RETRACTED ARTICLE: The HOTAIRM1/miR-107/TDG axis regulates papillary thyroid cancer cell proliferation and invasion

Abstract

The long noncoding RNA (lncRNA), HOX antisense intergenic RNA myeloid 1 (HOTAIRM1), has been shown to act as a tumor suppressor in various human cancers. However, the overall biological roles and clinical significance of HOTAIRM1 in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) have not been investigated. In this study, we used quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) to show that HOTAIRM1 was significantly downregulated in PTC tissues and low HOTAIRM1 expression levels were associated with lymph node metastasis and advanced TNM stage. We performed Cell Counting Kit-8, plate colony-formation, flow cytometric apoptosis, transwell, and scratch wound healing assays. Overexpression of HOTAIRM1 was found to inhibit PTC cell proliferation, invasion, and migration in vitro. Additionally, we identified miR-107 as a target of HOTAIRM1 using online bioinformatics tools. Dual-luciferase reporter gene and RNA immunoprecipitation assays were used to confirm that HOTAIRM1 acted as a competing endogenous RNA of miR-107. Furthermore, enhancement of miR-107 could potentially reverse the effects of HOTAIRM1 overexpression in vitro. Inhibition of miR-107 suppressed PTC cell proliferation, invasion, and migration in vitro. HOTAIRM1 overexpression and miR-107 inhibition impaired tumorigenesis in vivo in mouse xenografts. Bioinformatics prediction and a dual-luciferase reporter gene assay demonstrated the binding between miR-107 and the 3′-untranslated region of TDG. The results of qRT-PCR and western blotting assays suggested that HOTAIRM1 could regulate the expression of TDG in an miR-107meditated manner. In conclusion, we validated HOTAIRM1 as a novel tumor-suppressor lncRNA in PTC and proposed that the HOTAIRM1/miR-107/TDG axis may serve as a therapeutic target for PTC.

Long non-coding RNA signatures as predictors of prognosis in thyroid cancer: a narrative review

“…Subsequent studies have also confirmed that HOTAIRM1 competes with endogenous miR-107. In addition, these studies also demonstrated that HOTAIRM1 regulates the expression of TDG in a miR-107-meditated manner (47). These data indicate that HOTAIRM1 acts as a tumor suppressor gene in PTC, and may serve as a therapeutic target for PTC patients.…”

“…The differential expressions of those lncRNAs have also been found to be cells, tissue, and plasma in the TC. As discussed earlier, some lncRNAs, such as CCAT1, H19, HCP5, HOTTIP, , MALAT1, HOXA-AS2, SNHG15, SPRY4-IT, and UCA1, have been found to be upregulated in TC (7,23,25,26,30,42,70,111,112), whereas others, such as BANCR, AB074169, ASMTL-AS1, BLACAT1, CASC2, HOTAIRM1, GAS5, PAR5, SNHG3, GAS8-AS1, and MEG3 are downregulated (38)(39)(40)(43)(44)(45)47,104,108,112,113). This unique biologic behavior exhibited by different groups of lncRNAs shows value for the prognostic and diagnostic determination in TC patients.…”

Long Non-Coding RNA MAPK8IP1P2 Inhibits Lymphatic Metastasis of Thyroid Cancer by Activating Hippo Signaling via Sponging miR-146b-3p

“…As a kind of versatile non-coding RNA, lncRNAs have been extensively validated to function their biological role via varying mechanisms (21,22), in which functioning as ceRNA to sponge target miRNAs to disrupt the miRNAs-mediated degradation of target genes seizes great momentum (56,57) to be implicated in tumor progression and metastasis (27,61). Importantly, miRNA-mediated lncRNA/mRNA crosstalk plays an important role in the development and metastasis of thyroid cancer (28,62,63), including lymphatic metastasis (32)(33)(34). In this study, our results revealed that MAPK8IP1P2 functioned as ceRNA to sponge miR-146b-3p, which further disrupted the inhibitory effect of miR-146b-3p on NF2, RASSF1, and RASSF5 expression.…”

“…Recently, there is a great body of evidence reporting the role of lncRNAs in the development, progression, and metastasis in a number of cancers (27)(28)(29), including lymph node metastasis (30,31). Notably, numerous studies have shown that aberrant expression of lncRNAs is significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis in thyroid cancer patients (32)(33)(34). Although these findings indicated that lncRNAs may hold clinical applicable value as the potential predictive markers for early detection of lymph node metastasis in thyroid cancer, whether lncRNAs affects lymph node metastasis of thyroid cancer in vivo is not determined in these studies.…”

HDAC2 enhances esophageal squamous cell carcinoma development through down-regulating microRNA-503-5p and promoting CXCL10

“…Lipofectamine 2000 (Thermo Fisher Scientific, MA, USA) was adopted to co-transfect pmirGLO-CXCL10-WT or pmirGLO-CXCL10-MUT with miR-503-5p mimic or miR-NC (Invitrogen) into KYSE30 and Ec109 cells. Luciferase activity was measured by a fluorometer (PerkinElmer Life Sciences, Boston, MA, USA) and dual-luciferase reporter gene detection system (Promega) [ 21 ]. The fluorescence intensity was detected with Glomax20/20 Luminometer (E5311, Promega).…”