‘Retouch free’: The effect of labelling media images as not digitally altered on women's body dissatisfaction

Tiggemann, Marika; Slater, Amy; Smyth, Veronica

doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2013.08.005

Cited by 34 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…However, the majority of participants raised a number of limitations associated with labelling as a social policy approach to promoting positive body image. These may help to explain experimental findings of ineffectiveness, which have been counter to advocates’ assumptions about the benefits of labelling (Ata et al, 2013; Slater et al, 2012; Tiggemann et al, 2013, 2014). Participants thought labels are likely to be disregarded, not noticed, and unable to provide sufficient information to be effective.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

“…Warning: this image has been digitally altered to smooth skin tone and slim arms and legs ) and retouch free labels (e.g. this image has not been digitally altered ) have no short-term benefits for women’s body image (Ata et al, 2013; Tiggemann et al, 2013, 2014). Moreover, it is unlikely that these effects are due to women not attending to the labels, as an eye-tracking study confirmed that disclaimers are attended to (Bury et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Consumer opinion on social policy approaches to promoting positive body image: Airbrushed media images and disclaimer labels

2016

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Disclaimer UWE has obtained warranties from all depositors as to their title in the material deposited and as to their right to deposit such material. UWE makes no representation or warranties of commercial utility, title, or fitness for a particular purpose or any other warranty, express or implied in respect of any material deposited.UWE makes no representation that the use of the materials will not infringe any patent, copyright, trademark or other property or proprietary rights. UWE accepts no liability for any infringement of intellectual property rights in any material deposited but will remove such material from public view pending investigation in the event of an allegation of any such infringement. Appearance diversity in media and reorienting social norms from appearance to function and health were perceived as effective strategies. Social policy and research implications are discussed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Consumer opinion on social policy approaches to promoting positive body image: Airbrushed media images and disclaimer labels

2016

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“…Although one paper demonstrated that exposure to disclaimer messages reduced body dissatisfaction (Slater et al, 2012), the majority of studies to date suggest that the addition of disclaimer labels offers no improvements to women’s wellbeing and body image (e.g. Ata et al, 2013; Bury et al, 2016, 2017; Tiggemann et al, 2013, 2014, 2017). Beyond the use of the label itself, small tweaks such as increasing the size of the label (Tiggemann et al, 2017) or making the label focused on specific body parts (e.g.…”

Section: Traditional Media Body Image and The Impact Of Disclaimersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social media is not real life: The effect of attaching disclaimer-type labels to idealized social media images on women’s body image and mood

Fardouly

Holland

2018

New Media & Society

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This online experimental study examined the impact of viewing disclaimer comments attached to idealized social media images on 18- to 25-year-old American women’s (N = 164) body dissatisfaction, mood, and perceptions of the target. Furthermore, this study also tested whether thin ideal internalization or appearance comparison tendency moderated any effect. Viewing idealized images taken from social media had a negative influence on women’s body image, with or without the presence of disclaimers. Disclaimer comments also had no impact on women’s mood. They did, however, impact perceptions of the target, with women forming a less positive impression of the target if she attached disclaimer comments to her social media images. Thus, the results of this study suggest that the use of disclaimer comments or labels on social media may be ineffective at reducing women’s body dissatisfaction.

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“…Articles selected for this review were published, peer‐reviewed studies that assessed body image and related factors after exposure to media images bearing labels. Related factors included, but were not limited to, measures of state comparison and negative mood, as well as assessments including negative thought accessibility, defined as the speed at which concepts come to consciousness (Selimbegovic & Chatard, ), and self‐relevance, defined as how relevant an individual feels media images areas a standard of comparison (Tiggemann, Slater, & Smyth, ). To be eligible, studies needed to include: (a) at least one condition with exposure to media images bearing a label pertaining to weight/shape and/or the use or absence of digital modification to enhance the image; (b) at least one postexposure quantitative measure of body image, self‐perception, or mood.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Labels to prevent the detrimental effects of media on body image: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

Danthinne

Giorgianni

Rodgers

2020

Intl J Eating Disorders

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Objective: Most advertisements contain thin-ideal imagery enhanced by digital modification. The deleterious effects on body image and eating disorder risk of exposure to such images have been well documented. One of the proposed macro-level solutions to mitigate these effects has been the use of labels on images, primarily disclaimer labels. A growing number of studies have explored the usefulness of such labels in protecting body image against the detrimental effects of media exposure; however, findings have been divergent.Methods: The current study aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of the existing literature investigating the effects of including labels on media images on body image. Results:The systematic review identified n = 22 studies that were included in a narrative review, n = 18 were included in the meta-analysis. Overall, findings provided little support for the use of disclaimer or warning labels as a means of protecting against the detrimental effects of media exposure on body image. Furthermore, findings suggested that such labels might increase state appearance comparison when exposed to media images.Discussion: These findings are especially concerning in light of recent legislative efforts to mitigate media effects through the use of labels on imagery, as well as industry initiatives based on image labeling. Additional research examining alternative strategies for universal prevention of body image and eating concerns is warranted.

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‘Retouch free’: The effect of labelling media images as not digitally altered on women's body dissatisfaction

Cited by 34 publications

References 18 publications

Consumer opinion on social policy approaches to promoting positive body image: Airbrushed media images and disclaimer labels

Consumer opinion on social policy approaches to promoting positive body image: Airbrushed media images and disclaimer labels

Social media is not real life: The effect of attaching disclaimer-type labels to idealized social media images on women’s body image and mood

Labels to prevent the detrimental effects of media on body image: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

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