Retinopathy in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Review of severe vaso‐occlusive retinopathy in systemic lupus erythematosus and the antiphospholipid syndrome: associations, visual outcomes, complications and treatment

“…There have since been 11 additional cases reported between 1987 and 1999 where this form of occlusive retinopathy in SLE has occurred in the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies 3,7,9,21−23 . Except for one report 3 , antiphospholipid antibodies were not tested for or reported in earlier reports (from 1972 to 1988) and the authors have attributed the process to retinal vasculitis alone 5,6,8,11,15,24−33 . Of these, in four cases, features of the antiphospholipid syndrome including thrombo‐embolic phenomenon (deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism) and/or miscarriages were also reported 5,9,26,28 .…”

Review of severe vaso‐occlusive retinopathy in systemic lupus erythematosus and the antiphospholipid syndrome: associations, visual outcomes, complications and treatment

“…There have since been 11 additional cases reported between 1987 and 1999 where this form of occlusive retinopathy in SLE has occurred in the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies 3,7,9,21−23 . Except for one report 3 , antiphospholipid antibodies were not tested for or reported in earlier reports (from 1972 to 1988) and the authors have attributed the process to retinal vasculitis alone 5,6,8,11,15,24−33 . Of these, in four cases, features of the antiphospholipid syndrome including thrombo‐embolic phenomenon (deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism) and/or miscarriages were also reported 5,9,26,28 .…”

Bilateral macular infarction as an ocular manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

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Angle-closure glaucoma in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus

“…Retinal neovascularisation due to occlusive retinal vasculitis is more often described in SLE patients (5,16,17). This is described in ITP patients as well (7,11).…”

Review of severe vaso‐occlusive retinopathy in systemic lupus erythematosus and the antiphospholipid syndrome: associations, visual outcomes, complications and treatment

“…There have since been 11 additional cases reported between 1987 and 1999 where this form of occlusive retinopathy in SLE has occurred in the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies 3,7,9,21−23 . Except for one report 3 , antiphospholipid antibodies were not tested for or reported in earlier reports (from 1972 to 1988) and the authors have attributed the process to retinal vasculitis alone 5,6,8,11,15,24−33 . Of these, in four cases, features of the antiphospholipid syndrome including thrombo‐embolic phenomenon (deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism) and/or miscarriages were also reported 5,9,26,28 .…”

Bilateral macular infarction as an ocular manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

“……”

Angle-closure glaucoma in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus

“…Retinal neovascularisation due to occlusive retinal vasculitis is more often described in SLE patients (5,16,17). This is described in ITP patients as well (7,11).…”

Review of severe vaso‐occlusive retinopathy in systemic lupus erythematosus and the antiphospholipid syndrome: associations, visual outcomes, complications and treatment

“…There have since been 11 additional cases reported between 1987 and 1999 where this form of occlusive retinopathy in SLE has occurred in the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies 3,7,9,21−23 . Except for one report 3 , antiphospholipid antibodies were not tested for or reported in earlier reports (from 1972 to 1988) and the authors have attributed the process to retinal vasculitis alone 5,6,8,11,15,24−33 . Of these, in four cases, features of the antiphospholipid syndrome including thrombo‐embolic phenomenon (deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism) and/or miscarriages were also reported 5,9,26,28 .…”

Bilateral macular infarction as an ocular manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)

“……”

Angle-closure glaucoma in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus

“…Retinal neovascularisation due to occlusive retinal vasculitis is more often described in SLE patients (5,16,17). This is described in ITP patients as well (7,11).…”