Retardation Effect of Basic Nitrogen Compounds on Hydrocarbons Catalytic Cracking in Coker Gas Oil and Their Structural Identification

Abstract

The basic nitrogen compounds in coker gas oil (CGO) narrow fractions were enriched, and their influences on hydrocarbons during fluid catalytic cracking (FCC) were investigated. The results show that the content of basic nitrogen compounds has influence on hydrocarbons cracking during CGO FCC reaction, but it is not as obvious as reported before. Furthermore, the compositional and structural identification of basic extracts by positive-ion electrospray Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS) shows that basic nitrogen compounds in CGO include N, N 2 , NO, N 2 O 1 , and NS class species. The N 1 class species centered at 9 < DBE < 13 with a carbon number ranging from 20 to 24 is the most abundant, and it is a key for CGO's retarding performance. The effect of structure and composition of basic nitrogen compounds is much more obvious than that of content, and it is stronger with the increase of their rings plus double bond equivalence (DBE).

Identification of basic nitrogen compounds in ethanol-soluble portion from Zhaotong lignite ethanolysis by positive-ion electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry

“…To meet environmental regulations and upgrade the quality of coal-derived oils, catalytically removing heteroatoms is necessary. Basic nitrogen compounds (BNCs) play a key role in catalyst deactivation by forming coke on the catalyst surface [4,5]. Therefore, the knowledge of BNCs occurring in coals is necessary to develop the better methods for nitrogen removal.…”

Analysis of extractable basic nitrogen compounds in Buliangou subbituminous coal by positive-ion ESI FT-ICR MS

“…For example, serious acid rain and photochemical smog are caused by NO x formed during coal combustion [4][5][6]. In addition, basic nitrogen compounds (BNCs) play a key role in catalyst deactivation by forming coke on the catalyst surface [7,8]. On the other hand, many heteroatom-containing organic compounds, including the BNCs, in coals are valuable chemicals for synthesizing pharmaceutical and agrochemical intermediates [9,10].…”

Characterization of nitrogen compounds in coker gas oil by electrospray ionization Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy

“…Fu and schaffer [ 7 ] and Ho et al [ 8 ] proposed that nitrogen content, proton affinity, and molecular size (or molecular weight) of basic nitrogen compounds were the key factors affecting the performance of FCC. Nevertheless, Li et al [ 9 , 10 ] argued that the effect of structure and composition of basic nitrogen compounds was much more obvious than that of nitrogen content. Consequently, the characterizing nitrogen compounds in CGO and investigating the nitrogen compounds how to deactivate FCC catalysts have become research hotspots.…”