Resting Metabolic Rate in Severely Obese Diabetic and Nondiabetic Subjects

Abstract

Research Methods and Procedures:Obese adults (1088; mean age ϭ 44.9 Ϯ 12.7 years) with BMI Ն 35 kg/m 2 (mean BMI ϭ 46.4 Ϯ 8.4 kg/m 2 ) were recruited. One hundred forty-two subjects (61 men, 81 women) were diagnosed with type 2 diabetes (DM), giving the prevalence of DM in this clinic population as 13.7%. RMR was measured by indirect calorimetry, and several multivariate linear regression models were performed using age, gender, weight, height, BMI, fat mass, fat mass percentage, and fat-free mass as independent variables. Results: The severely obese patients with DM had consistently higher RMR after adjustment for all other variables. The best predictive equation for the severely obese was RMR ϭ 71.767 Ϫ 2.337 ϫ age ϩ 257.293 ϫ gender (women ϭ 0 and men ϭ 1) ϩ 9.996 ϫ weight (in kilograms) ϩ 4.132 ϫ height (in centimeters) ϩ 145.959 ϫ DM (nondiabetic ϭ 0 and diabetic ϭ 1). The age, weight, and height-adjusted least square means of RMR between diabetic and nondiabetic groups were significantly different in both genders.Discussion: Severely obese patients with type 2 diabetes had higher RMR than those without diabetes. The RMR of severely obese subjects was best predicted by an equation using age, gender, weight, height, and DM as variables.

The associations of resting metabolic rate with chronic conditions and weight loss

“…This lack of association may be due to the use of a more conservative estimate of poor glucose control (>5.6 mmol/L) than previously examined in literature (> 7.0 mmol/L) (57). This study and others have found that individuals with high blood pressure had a higher baseline RMR than those with normal blood pressure.…”

“…WL has been shown to improve chronic conditions (92,93), however, little research exists regarding the influence of chronic conditions on RMR (24,57,56). Further, research examining the association between chronic conditions and RMR often examines clusters of chronic conditions which may mask their individual effects on RMR.…”

“…Further, research examining the association between chronic conditions and RMR often examines clusters of chronic conditions which may mask their individual effects on RMR. For example, poor glucose control (24,57) and high blood pressure (56) have been individually associated with a higher RMR.…”

“…Further, existing research that has examined these associations tends to focus on clusters of conditions which may mask the individual effects of certain chronic conditions. For example, glucose control (56), and blood pressure (24,57) are positively associated with RMR. Conversely, metabolic syndrome, which is a cluster of chronic conditions that may include high glucose and/or blood pressure, is negatively associated with RMR (24).…”

Resting energy expenditure is not increased in mildly hyperglycaemic obese diabetic patients

“…Glycaemia itself may determine REE as a 5 % higher REE is reported at a fasting plasma glucose (FPG) level of 10 mmol/l or higher (Gougeon et al 2002). In most studies, however, it is only when differences in fat-free mass (FFM) are adjusted for that REE appears higher, with no difference in absolute metabolic rate otherwise being observed between those with and without diabetes (Fontvieille et al 1992, Bitz et al 2004, Huang et al 2004. Additionally, all type 2 diabetic patients exhibit insulin resistance, a metabolic state associated with overweight and a factor associated with lowered REE (Petersen et al 2003(Petersen et al , 2004.…”