Responses of the three-toed box turtle, Terrapene Carolina triunguis, to heat stress

Venous blood gas in free-living eastern box turtles (Terrapene carolina carolina) and effects of physiologic, demographic and environmental factors

“…This is the most frequent response to a perceived threat in box turtles ( Smith and de Carvalho, 1985 ). A transient elevation in PCV is another component of the reptilian stress response ( Sturbaum and Bergman, 1981 ; Sturbaum, 1981 ; Franklin et al , 2003 ). Taken together, an elevated PCV in boxed or partially-boxed turtles may be indicative of stress.…”

Venous blood gas in free-living eastern box turtles (Terrapene carolina carolina) and effects of physiologic, demographic and environmental factors

“…This is the most frequent response to a perceived threat in box turtles ( Smith and de Carvalho, 1985 ). A transient elevation in PCV is another component of the reptilian stress response ( Sturbaum and Bergman, 1981 ; Sturbaum, 1981 ; Franklin et al , 2003 ). Taken together, an elevated PCV in boxed or partially-boxed turtles may be indicative of stress.…”

Thermal biology of eastern box turtles in a longleaf pine system managed with prescribed fire

“…Moreover, surface T e in fire-maintained longleaf forests exceeded temperatures presumed to be lethal, or the critical thermal maximum ( CT max ), in turtles. While we did not measure CT max in our study population, based on measures from other studies, we presume it unlikely that T. carolina would tolerate extended exposure to temperatures above 40 °C (Sturbaum, 1981; Plummer et al, 2003; Lagarde et al, 2012). Consistent with this explanation, the only time when thermal quality differed between surface environments was during the hot summer period, when the unburned mixed hardwood / non-longleaf pine forest was of higher thermal quality due to the cooler temperatures.…”

Effects of Prairie Degradation and Restoration on Box Turtle Thermal Ecology

“…Total Evaporative Water Loss .—We measured rates of TEWL for T. carolina and T. ornata following the general methods of Sturbaum and Riedesel (1974) and Sturbaum (1981). We collected 6 T. ornata and 11 T. carolina from the field, with masses ranging from 66 g to 386 g. We primarily collected turtles at Chesney Prairie, but one T. ornata and two T. carolina were collected at Stump Prairie and one T. ornata was collected at Cherokee Prairie, a nearby protected prairie remnant in Franklin County, Arkansas.…”

Venous blood gas in free-living eastern box turtles (Terrapene carolina carolina) and effects of physiologic, demographic and environmental factors

“…This is the most frequent response to a perceived threat in box turtles ( Smith and de Carvalho, 1985 ). A transient elevation in PCV is another component of the reptilian stress response ( Sturbaum and Bergman, 1981 ; Sturbaum, 1981 ; Franklin et al , 2003 ). Taken together, an elevated PCV in boxed or partially-boxed turtles may be indicative of stress.…”

Thermal biology of eastern box turtles in a longleaf pine system managed with prescribed fire

“…Moreover, surface T e in fire-maintained longleaf forests exceeded temperatures presumed to be lethal, or the critical thermal maximum ( CT max ), in turtles. While we did not measure CT max in our study population, based on measures from other studies, we presume it unlikely that T. carolina would tolerate extended exposure to temperatures above 40 °C (Sturbaum, 1981; Plummer et al, 2003; Lagarde et al, 2012). Consistent with this explanation, the only time when thermal quality differed between surface environments was during the hot summer period, when the unburned mixed hardwood / non-longleaf pine forest was of higher thermal quality due to the cooler temperatures.…”

Effects of Prairie Degradation and Restoration on Box Turtle Thermal Ecology

“…Total Evaporative Water Loss .—We measured rates of TEWL for T. carolina and T. ornata following the general methods of Sturbaum and Riedesel (1974) and Sturbaum (1981). We collected 6 T. ornata and 11 T. carolina from the field, with masses ranging from 66 g to 386 g. We primarily collected turtles at Chesney Prairie, but one T. ornata and two T. carolina were collected at Stump Prairie and one T. ornata was collected at Cherokee Prairie, a nearby protected prairie remnant in Franklin County, Arkansas.…”

Venous blood gas in free-living eastern box turtles (Terrapene carolina carolina) and effects of physiologic, demographic and environmental factors

“…This is the most frequent response to a perceived threat in box turtles ( Smith and de Carvalho, 1985 ). A transient elevation in PCV is another component of the reptilian stress response ( Sturbaum and Bergman, 1981 ; Sturbaum, 1981 ; Franklin et al , 2003 ). Taken together, an elevated PCV in boxed or partially-boxed turtles may be indicative of stress.…”

Thermal biology of eastern box turtles in a longleaf pine system managed with prescribed fire

“…Moreover, surface T e in fire-maintained longleaf forests exceeded temperatures presumed to be lethal, or the critical thermal maximum ( CT max ), in turtles. While we did not measure CT max in our study population, based on measures from other studies, we presume it unlikely that T. carolina would tolerate extended exposure to temperatures above 40 °C (Sturbaum, 1981; Plummer et al, 2003; Lagarde et al, 2012). Consistent with this explanation, the only time when thermal quality differed between surface environments was during the hot summer period, when the unburned mixed hardwood / non-longleaf pine forest was of higher thermal quality due to the cooler temperatures.…”

Effects of Prairie Degradation and Restoration on Box Turtle Thermal Ecology

“…Total Evaporative Water Loss .—We measured rates of TEWL for T. carolina and T. ornata following the general methods of Sturbaum and Riedesel (1974) and Sturbaum (1981). We collected 6 T. ornata and 11 T. carolina from the field, with masses ranging from 66 g to 386 g. We primarily collected turtles at Chesney Prairie, but one T. ornata and two T. carolina were collected at Stump Prairie and one T. ornata was collected at Cherokee Prairie, a nearby protected prairie remnant in Franklin County, Arkansas.…”