Responses of Herbivorous Fishes on Coral Reef Cover in Outer Island Indonesia (Study Case: Natuna Island)

Abstract

Abstract. Coral reefs are one of the most highly productive marine ecosystems, with the largest transfer of energy attributed to the trophic interaction between herbivores and algae. Rapid demographic growth, leading to transmigration to small islands such as Natuna Island where located on outer Island Indonesia.The aim of the present study is to test for significant associations between herbivore fish species traits and Habitat complexity was derived from coral reef cover. Method to record each observed herbivore fish species with UVC (Underwater Visual Census) using SCUBA diving equipment along modification line transects. A total of 39 different fish species belonging to 3 families" herbivore fish were identified. Total biomass of herbivorous fish correlated with Dead Coral Algae (DCA). Biplot of the first two axes for the nonmetric multidimensional a scaling (NMDS) analysis for family and grazer showed the dominance of herbivore fish grazer.

Indeks Kesehatan Terumbu Karang di Perairan Siantan Selatan, Kabupaten Kepulauan Anambas

“…Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa semakin tingginya persentase karang hidup dapat memengaruhi tingginya biomassa ikan karang di perairan tersebut. Lebih lanjut (Putra et al, 2018), menyatakan bahwa ekosistem terumbu karang yang baik dapat menunjang tingginya ketersediaan makanan untuk ikan karang sehingga mengalami pertumbuhan yang baik pula. Hal ini sesuai dengan pernyataan Manembu et al (2012), bahwa meningkatnya biomassa berkaitan dengan aktivitas makan yang dilakukan oleh organisme untuk melakukan pertumbuhan dan perkembangbiakan.…”

Impact of marine protected areas on economical important coral reef fish communities: An evaluation of the biological monitoring of coral reef fish in Anambas Islands, Indonesia

“…We performed Underwater Visual Census (UVC) to estimate reef fish species composition, density, and biomass. Most research studying reef fish composition used UVC methods (Samoilys and Carlos 2000;Pet-Soede et al 2001;Mallet et al 2014;Corrales et al 2015;Caldwell et al 2016;Bacheler et al 2017;Fidler et al 2017;Putra et al 2018;Wilson et al 2018). Underwater Visual Census is a common method to estimate coral reef composition because this method provides rapid and effective cost studies (Wilson et al 2018).…”

“…The divers were experiences, very well-trained, and certified from National Professional Certification Agency Indonesia by knowing reef fish species, counting and estimating fish size underwater. At each MPAs we identified, counted and estimated the length of reef fish (total length or fork length) within 2.5 x 70 meters of belt transect (Putra et al 2018).…”

Oceanographic conditions and sedimentation in the Kawal river Bintan Island and impact on the prevalence of coral disease

“…The Reef Health Monitoring (RHM) assessment by COREMAP showed indications of damage to coral reefs in the Riau Archipelago and several Bintan Islands, as evidenced by the degradation of coral reef cover and a decline in reef fish. [2,3]. The indications of damage to coral reefs on Bintan Island are caused by several factors, particularly natural disturbances (autogenic causes), including climate change which can cause an increase in seawater temperature, which results in massive coral bleaching.…”

“…[10]. In the coastal area, the sedimentation disturbs the living ecosystem, especially in seagrass beds, impacts the composition of coastal biota [11], and causes coral mortality [6,[12][13][14] by reducing the productivity of fishery resources. Sedimentation causes damage to coral reefs from erosion on land is increasingly being reported in countries such as Australia [15,16], Hawaii-United States [17], Fiji [18], in Indonesia [19,20].…”