Response surface methodology based electro-kinetic modeling of biological and chemical oxygen demand removal from sugar mill effluent by water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes) in a Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR)

Remediation of heavy metals using non-conventional adsorbents and biosurfactant-producing bacteria

“…There are various methods available for remediation of heavy metal contaminated soils. The different in-situ approaches include surface capping, encapsulation, electro-kinetic extraction, soil flushing, chemical immobilization, bioremediation and phytoremediation and ex-situ methods are landfilling, solidification, soil washing and vitrification (Liu et al, 2018;Kumar et al, 2019) but bio-surfactant producing bacteria manages this high density metal pollution through soil washing and soil flushing methods (Ayangbenro and Babalola, 2018).…”

“…The industrial processes/discharge and natural weathering are the two main causes of heavy metal (HM) pollution due to which the latter are dispersed into land and water ecosystem leading to environmental pollution. The gradual acclimatisation of these soluble metal ions above their permissible limits and their accumulation in the food web exerts adverse toxic and malignant effects on the living forms (Kumar et al, 2019). These HM ions are persistent and can cause their effect even at very low concentrations.…”

“…The main approaches utilized for remediation of heavy metal contaminated soils are sand capping or land filling, phytoremediation, bioremediation, washing, electrochemical remediation, stabilization, soil replacement, phytoextraction, phytovoltalization, etc. (Koptsik, 2014;Kumar et al, 2019) but again they have their own merits and demerits. The focus has been shifted towards assessing non-conventional approaches or materials to remediate such noxious HM ions from the environment.…”

An overview on enormous effect of hazardous wastes on water components and their management

“…The plants used for the process may be aquatic, semiaquatic and terrestrial. The phytoremediation process is illustrated in the Table 3 ( Kumar et al, 2019).…”

Effectiveness of Phytoremediation Treatment of Pre-Treated Domestic Wastewater

“…However, water hyacinth is distinguished from Salvinia molesta by the rapid growth more than (Kumar & Deswal, 2020). Many studies have proven the removal performance of the wastewater contamination of the water hyacinth which was estimated at 94, 72.54, 83.78 and 53.44% for COD, TDS, BOD 5 , and TP respectively (Varanasi et al, 2018; Kumar et al, 2018;Kumar et al, 2019;Qin et al, 2016). Both Salvinia molesta and water hyacinth are adapted to the same environmental conditions which are suitable at pH 7.5 and temperature between 25 and 36 o C (Kumar & Deswal, 2020).…”