Response Problems in the Protest Survey Design: Evidence from Fifty-One Protest Events in Seven Countries*

Walgrave, Stefaan; Wouters, Ruud; Ketelaars, Pauline

doi:10.17813/1086/671x-21-1-83

Cited by 63 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 24 publications

(30 reference statements)

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“…Ninety-one people refused to participate in the study, representing a refusal rate of 16.3%. It is worth noting that our refusal rates are consistent with other studies that use this methodology and are substantially lower than those studies that rely on mailed back questionnaires, which can suffer from delayed refusal bias (for a full discussion of this methodology, see Walgrave et al 2016, see also Walgrave and Verhulst 2011). Table 1 presents the reported attendance, the number of survey participants, and the refusal rates for each of the protests.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 85%

Onto the Street and Into the Movement: Understanding how Social Movements Expand their Reach through Large-Scale Protest Events

Fisher¹,

Yagatich²,

Robertson³

2017

Preprint

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How do social movements broaden their societal reach and mobilize more participants? To date, research has focused on social networks, organizational coalitions, and computer-mediated communication to aid in mobilization, but most research assesses these mechanisms in relative isolation. This paper integrates these perspectives to explore the ways social movements expand their ranks through large-scale street demonstrations and marches. Analyzing data collected through random surveys of participants at two of the largest demonstrations in the history of the climate movement-the Copenhagen Climate March in 2009 and the People's Climate March in 2014-we assess how the movement expanded. Consistent with the literature on protest mobilization, we show that the climate movement increased participation at these events via personal networks, organizational coalitions, and computer-mediated channels of communication. In addition, we find clear evidence that large-scale protest events like the People's Climate March are bringing new people, including passive members of social movement organizations and disengaged sympathizers, to the streets and into the movement. The paper concludes by discussing the implications of our findings on social movement expansion through large-scale demonstrations and outlining opportunities for future study.

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Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 85%

Onto the Street and Into the Movement: Understanding how Social Movements Expand their Reach through Large-Scale Protest Events

Fisher¹,

Yagatich²,

Robertson³

2017

Preprint

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show abstract

“…Only 2.6% of mail-back respondents were complete novices, compared to 5.5% of interviewees. 7 These differences are consistent with other protest surveys (Walgrave, Wouters, & Ketelaars, 2016) and express the need for slight caution in the interpretation of the results. Women are slightly over-represented, even though they remain in fewer numbers to men at most demonstrations that were surveyed.…”

Section: The Protest Survey Datasupporting

confidence: 78%

Do gender regimes matter? Gender differences in involvement in anti-austerity protests - a comparison of Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom

Roth

Saunders

2019

Social Movement Studies

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Responses to the Great Recession are varied across welfare states and gendered in their consequences. Combining gender, social policy and social movement scholarship, this paper investigates how the differential policy responses to the Financial Crisis in three European countries shaped gender-differences in antiausterity demonstrations. We compare the involvement and characteristics of women and men in anti-austerity protests using data collected at street demonstrations (2010-2012). We conduct crossnational multi-level analysis of demonstrators from countries representing different gender regimes (Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom). Our results show that gender regimes have a significant impact on women's and men's involvement in anti-austerity protests. We thus make an important contribution to research on gender differences in participation in anti-austerity demonstrations post-Great Recession. Our comparison of women's and men's participation in anti-austerity street demonstrations suggests that at the country or regime level resources matter more than grievances, but that grievances matter at the individual level. This innovative paper links scholarship on gender regimes with research on protest participation. Resources and experiences of grievances are shaped by gender regimes which provide access to decision-making and social support. We reveal novel insights into the connection between gender regimes and demonstration participation. ARTICLE HISTORY

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“…Unfortunately, rather low response rates are common for protest surveys. Reviewing the method, Walgrave, Wouters, and Ketelaars () report an average response rate of 32% for protest surveys across 51 demonstrations. Nevertheless, response biases in protest surveys are generally small and problems are most likely to occur when researchers compare demonstrations across issues (in this study, all events were aimed at austerity measures).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tracing Protest Motives: The Link Between Newspaper Coverage, Movement Messages, and Demonstrators’ Reasons to Protest

Ketelaars

2017

Sociological Forum

Self Cite

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Within the social movement literature, it is mostly assumed that the reasons why people join a protest demonstration are in line with the collective action frames of the organizations staging the protest. Some recent studies suggest, however, that protesters’ motives are only partly aligned with the messages that are broadcasted by social movements. This study argues that activists’ motives are for an important part shaped by mass media coverage on the protest issue. It investigates the link between people's reasons to protest, the campaign messages of the protest organizers, and newspaper coverage prior to the demonstration. Data cover 14 anti‐austerity demonstrations in Belgium, the Netherlands, and the United Kingdom. Results show that social movements depend a lot on other political actors to gain media visibility for their messages. Furthermore, the relationship between social movement frames and protest participant motives is mediated by newspaper coverage. Protest organizers’ are able to reach demonstrators via their own communication channels to some extent, but for many of their messages, they also rely on journalists’ reporting about the protest issue.

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Response Problems in the Protest Survey Design: Evidence from Fifty-One Protest Events in Seven Countries*

Cited by 63 publications

References 24 publications

Onto the Street and Into the Movement: Understanding how Social Movements Expand their Reach through Large-Scale Protest Events

Onto the Street and Into the Movement: Understanding how Social Movements Expand their Reach through Large-Scale Protest Events

Do gender regimes matter? Gender differences in involvement in anti-austerity protests - a comparison of Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom

Tracing Protest Motives: The Link Between Newspaper Coverage, Movement Messages, and Demonstrators’ Reasons to Protest

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