Respiratory Viral Detection in the Pediatric Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Population

Abstract

Respiratory viral infections (RVI) are a frequent cause of morbidity and mortality in hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) patients. We examined clinical characteristics and respiratory viral detection in asymptomatic pediatric HSCT pre-transplant patients and symptomatic post-transplant patients. Coxsackie/echovirus (most common virus detected pre and post-transplant), rhinovirus, and coronavirus were detected pre-transplant and at the first post-transplant event suggesting persistent detection. None of the clinical characteristics examined were associated with viral detection and there was no increase in mortality noted with asymptomatic viral detection.

Infecciones respiratorias virales en episodios de fiebre en niños con trasplante de precursores hematopoyéticos

“…Al revisar el impacto de las IRV en niños receptores de TPH (Anexo 1), se destaca la frecuente incidencia de IRV desde 6% 6 hasta 40% acumulado a tres años post trasplante 10 y la mortalidad variable antes mencionada, llegando hasta 10% dentro de los primeros 100 días post trasplante 6 . Los virus más frecuentemente detectados en algunos estudios fueron rinovirus, virus parainfluenza y virus respiratorio sincicial 4,5 , mientras que en otras series se mencionan a coxsackie/echovirus y coronavirus como causa frecuente 11 . La detección de co-infección viral se observó hasta en 45% de los casos 6 .…”

Respiratory Viral Infections in the Pediatric Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplant Population

“…These infections are mild and usually self-limited in healthy children. However, in immunocompromised children, such as HSCT recipients, they are among the leading causes of morbidity and mortality 2,3. RVIs in immunocompromised hosts are notable for prolonged viral shedding, higher rates of pneumonia, and late airflow obstruction, and they are frequently associated with bacterial and fungal coinfections 1,4…”

“…morbidity and mortality. 2,3 RVIs in immunocompromised hosts are notable for prolonged viral shedding, higher rates of pneumonia, and late airflow obstruction, and they are frequently associated with bacterial and fungal coinfections. 1,4 RVIs are typically caused by respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), influenza, parainfluenza (PI), rhinovirus, adenovirus, or human metapneumovirus.…”