Resistencia bacteriana a los antibióticos: una crisis global

Alós, Juan-Ignacio

doi:10.1016/j.eimc.2014.10.004

Cited by 134 publications

(80 citation statements)

References 120 publications

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“…Se puede apreciar que una importante proporción de los pacientes sometidos a algún procedimiento quirúrgico recibe antibiótico, como menciona Alós J, la profilaxis en ambiente quirúrgico sigue siendo controversial, puesto que han existido investigaciones que objetan la necesidad imperiosa de indicar (12) profilaxis en todo tipo de cirugía . En la mayoría de los casos, el médico de guardia es el prescriptor de la antibioticoterapia, siendo estos hospitales en su mayoría escuelas de formación, estos médicos son residentes de las distintas especialidades que realizan dicho servicio, si bien como menciona Pineda-Maldonado et al, los conocimientos sobre la antibioticoterapia son amplios, existen diferentes factores que juegan a la hora de la indicación, tales…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Profile of antibiotic use in hospitals of third and fourth level of care of three departments of Paraguay, 2017

Aguilar

Ríos-González

Estigarribia

et al. 2018

Rev. salud publica Parag.

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I n t r o d u c t i o n : A n t i b i o t i c s a re o n e o f t h e pharmacological groups of greater prescription and use, occupying the first or second place in the pharmacy expenses of a hospital. It is estimated that 70% of the use of antibiotics is inadequate. Objective: To determine the profile of antibiotic use in hospitals of third and fourth level of attention of three departments of Paraguay during 2017. Material and methods: Observational study, descriptive cross section with probabilistic sampling. The sample design considers levels of care as strata: fourth and third level of care where hospitals were randomly selected in 3 departments of Paraguay during 2017. A prevalence cut of one week was carried out and the proportion under treatment was counted with antibiotics and in case of receiving ATB the indication reason, type of antibiotic, route of administration, dose, interval, time of antibiotic therapy. Results: Sixty-eight patients were included in the study, 63.67% (403) were female, and 26.09% (162) were older than 50 years. 70.69% (451) used antibiotics, 53.27% (236) of the cases were used for prophylactic purposes. 34.60% (219) did not use the antibiotic properly. Conclusion: The proportion of antibiotic use was 70.69%, most were for prophylactic purposes and the highest proportion of the indications of antibiotics in hospitals is inadequate, in turn 34.60% of antibiotics are used improperly. For all the above, it is imperative to implement intervention strategies and control the use of antibiotics to reduce the use of antibiotics in hospitals.

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Section: Discussionunclassified

Profile of antibiotic use in hospitals of third and fourth level of care of three departments of Paraguay, 2017

Aguilar

Ríos-González

Estigarribia

et al. 2018

Rev. salud publica Parag.

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“…Just as when strains of Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were sensitive to Cefotaxime when it was used in the clinic in the early eighties of the twentieth century; nowadays 13 and 16% respectively are resistant. When have been marketed, fl uoroquinolones in the mid-eighties, practically all E. coli strains were sensitive; currently 34% of blood cultures in Spain are resistant [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial resistance genetic markers (fluoroquinolone, aminoglycosideo, macrolideo)

Leal¹,

Araujo²,

Neto³

2020

J Clin Microbiol Biochem Technol

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Where the sudden increase in MIC of a culture occurs during or after therapy. Antibiotic tolerance is known as a phenomenon where the Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) and MIC is very large [4]. Resistance mechanisms preexist or are modifi ed by nature, either by transfer of resistance genes or by mutations, which can be localized in the bacterial chromosome or in plasmids [1]. There are several mechanisms of bacterial resistance, such as; enzymatic inactivation, reduced intracellular accumulation due to the action of effl ux pumps, the presence of transposons, resistance plasmids, and the capacity for transduction, transformation and conjugation [5]. The dissemination of genetic knowledge corroborates the rapid implementation of the management plan on the treatment of the various types of resistant infections, previous knowledge favors to avoid administration of antibiotics in a widespread and indiscriminate way. Methodology Published articles, technical manuals describing the different types of genes, plasmids and/or resistance markers to there is a gradual increase of the Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) over time. In order to have a therapeutic effect it is necessary to achieve adequate serum and tissue

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“…La resistencia a los antibióticos es hoy, según la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS, 2018) una de las mayores amenazas para la salud mundial, la seguridad alimentaria y el desarrollo. La introducción de los antibióticos en la práctica clínica en los años cuarenta del s XX, supuso como señala Alós (2015), una de las intervenciones más importantes para el control de las enfermedades infecciosas y aumentó en varios años la esperanza de vida de la población. Sin embargo, desde hace unos años la eficacia de estos fármacos está disminuyendo por el incremento de cepas resistentes, y varias razones son las responsables, entre ellas el uso inapropiado de los antibióticos por parte del sector sanitario humano y animal; su uso inadecuado en alimentación animal, aunque ya prohibido en el territorio Español (TAng et al, 2017); y el uso en agricultura y acuicultura.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Transmisión del problema de la resistencia a los antibióticos a dos niveles educativos en el contexto del proyecto SWImicromundo: evaluación por Socrative

Sempere¹,

Navarrete²,

Vázquez³

2019

Aula

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Resumen En el marco del proyecto Small World Iniciative/MicroMundo (SWI-MicroMundo), basado en el aprendizaje-servicio, un grupo de estudiantes de bachillerato de excelencia dirigidos por un grupo de estudiantes universitarios bajo la supervisión de profesores, ha analizado diferentes muestras de suelo, aislado microorganismos con el fin de observar la diversidad microbiana, realizado ensayos de antibiosis para finalmente aislar nuevas bacterias potencialmente productoras de compuestos antimicrobianos. En este contexto, la UCM proporciona la oportunidad a estos dos niveles educativos de conocer un problema científica y socialmente relevante, implicar a los estudiantes y por supuesto, adquirir o afianzar los conocimientos científicos vinculados al problema objeto de estudio. Los integrantes del estudio se forman enfrentándose a un problema relevante a nivel mundial a través de un aprendizaje activo. Según el Plan Nacional de Resistencia a Antibióticos, se establece como uno de los objetivos priorizados la comunicación y sensibilización de la sociedad sobre la problemática de la resistencia a los antibióticos y el buen uso de estos. Se trata de aprender y al mismo tiempo, comprometerse a hacer un servicio a la comunidad a través de la comunicación de la experiencia con sus compañeros, a su entorno social y familiar. Con el fin de evaluar los conocimientos adquiridos, se utilizó la plataforma online conocida como Socrative y utilizada a través de ordenador portátil, tablet o Smartphone con conexión a internet Este sencillo método ha permitido evaluar el grado de implicación y los conocimientos alcanzados sobre la resistencia a antibióticos y las habilidades prácticas del grupo participante en el proyecto frente a otros grupos de bachillerato con diferente formación y que no han participado en la experiencia. Abstract In the context of the Small World Initiative/TinyEarth (SWI-TinyEarth) project, based on crowdsourcing, students from the Excellence high school group, supervised by university students under the tutelage of a university teacher, analyze soil samples and isolate microorganism. The purpose was to assess the microbial diversity, to acknowledge the problem about antibiotic resistance and to obtain new potential antimicrobial-producer bacteria. The Complutense University of Madrid provides the opportunity to the students to work with a real problem and to secure their scientific skills related to the project. The students also acquire tools and knowledge working with antibiotic resistance. The Antibiotic Resistance National Plan establish as a priority objective the communication and awareness of the society about the problematic, and the good use of antibiotics. It is important to communicate the students, so they can perform a social duty and inform their families and friends. To evaluate the knowledgeacquire through the experience, we applied the online tool Socrative which can be used via laptop, tablet or smartphone. This method let us evaluate the degree of involvement of the students and their antibiotic knowledge versus other high school groups.

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Resistencia bacteriana a los antibióticos: una crisis global

Cited by 134 publications

References 120 publications

Profile of antibiotic use in hospitals of third and fourth level of care of three departments of Paraguay, 2017

Profile of antibiotic use in hospitals of third and fourth level of care of three departments of Paraguay, 2017

Bacterial resistance genetic markers (fluoroquinolone, aminoglycosideo, macrolideo)

Transmisión del problema de la resistencia a los antibióticos a dos niveles educativos en el contexto del proyecto SWImicromundo: evaluación por Socrative

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